AKINYEMI JUMOKE BEATRICE
Now, let's get the data from the [List of helicopter prison escapes]
# import helper function
from helper import *
# data from wikipedia article
url = 'https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_helicopter_prison_escapes'
data = data_from_url(url)
Let's print the first three rows
for row in data[:3]:
print(row)
['August 19, 1971', 'Santa Martha Acatitla', 'Mexico', 'Yes', 'Joel David Kaplan Carlos Antonio Contreras Castro', "Joel David Kaplan was a New York businessman who had been arrested for murder in 1962 in Mexico City and was incarcerated at the Santa Martha Acatitla prison in the Iztapalapa borough of Mexico City. Joel's sister, Judy Kaplan, arranged the means to help Kaplan escape, and on August 19, 1971, a helicopter landed in the prison yard. The guards mistakenly thought this was an official visit. In two minutes, Kaplan and his cellmate Carlos Antonio Contreras, a Venezuelan counterfeiter, were able to board the craft and were piloted away, before any shots were fired.[9] Both men were flown to Texas and then different planes flew Kaplan to California and Castro to Guatemala.[3] The Mexican government never initiated extradition proceedings against Kaplan.[9] The escape is told in a book, The 10-Second Jailbreak: The Helicopter Escape of Joel David Kaplan.[4] It also inspired the 1975 action movie Breakout, which starred Charles Bronson and Robert Duvall.[9]"] ['October 31, 1973', 'Mountjoy Jail', 'Ireland', 'Yes', "JB O'Hagan Seamus TwomeyKevin Mallon", 'On October 31, 1973 an IRA member hijacked a helicopter and forced the pilot to land in the exercise yard of Dublin\'s Mountjoy Jail\'s D Wing at 3:40\xa0p.m., October 31, 1973. Three members of the IRA were able to escape: JB O\'Hagan, Seamus Twomey and Kevin Mallon. Another prisoner who also was in the prison was quoted as saying, "One shamefaced screw apologised to the governor and said he thought it was the new Minister for Defence (Paddy Donegan) arriving. I told him it was our Minister of Defence leaving." The Mountjoy helicopter escape became Republican lore and was immortalized by "The Helicopter Song", which contains the lines "It\'s up like a bird and over the city. There\'s three men a\'missing I heard the warder say".[1]'] ['May 24, 1978', 'United States Penitentiary, Marion', 'United States', 'No', 'Garrett Brock TrapnellMartin Joseph McNallyJames Kenneth Johnson', "43-year-old Barbara Ann Oswald hijacked a Saint Louis-based charter helicopter and forced the pilot to land in the yard at USP Marion. While landing the aircraft, the pilot, Allen Barklage, who was a Vietnam War veteran, struggled with Oswald and managed to wrestle the gun away from her. Barklage then shot and killed Oswald, thwarting the escape.[10] A few months later Oswald's daughter hijacked TWA Flight 541 in an effort to free Trapnell."]
# REMOVING DETAILS COLUMN
index = 0
for row in data[:3]:
data[index] = row[:-1]
index += 1
print(data[:3])
[['August 19, 1971', 'Santa Martha Acatitla', 'Mexico', 'Yes', 'Joel David Kaplan Carlos Antonio Contreras Castro'], ['October 31, 1973', 'Mountjoy Jail', 'Ireland', 'Yes', "JB O'Hagan Seamus TwomeyKevin Mallon"], ['May 24, 1978', 'United States Penitentiary, Marion', 'United States', 'No', 'Garrett Brock TrapnellMartin Joseph McNallyJames Kenneth Johnson']]
# EXTRACTING YEAR
for row in data:
date = fetch_year(row[0])
row[0] = date
print(data[:3])
[[1971, 'Santa Martha Acatitla', 'Mexico', 'Yes', 'Joel David Kaplan Carlos Antonio Contreras Castro'], [1973, 'Mountjoy Jail', 'Ireland', 'Yes', "JB O'Hagan Seamus TwomeyKevin Mallon"], [1978, 'United States Penitentiary, Marion', 'United States', 'No', 'Garrett Brock TrapnellMartin Joseph McNallyJames Kenneth Johnson']]
min_year = min(data, key=lambda x: x[0])[0]
max_year = max(data, key=lambda x: x[0])[0]
print(min_year)
print(max_year)
1971 2020
years = []
for y in range(min_year, max_year + 1):
years.append(y)
We are going to see the number of attempts per year but before doing that, let us check the years to see if we have all the year ranging from the min_year to max_year which is 1971 to 2020
print(years)
[1971, 1972, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, 1977, 1978, 1979, 1980, 1981, 1982, 1983, 1984, 1985, 1986, 1987, 1988, 1989, 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020]
We've gotten all the years, now let's check the attempts per each year
attempts_per_year = []
for year in years:
attempts_per_year.append([year, 0])
for row in data:
for ya in attempts_per_year:
y = ya[0]
if row[0] == y:
ya[1] += 1
print(attempts_per_year)
[[1971, 1], [1972, 0], [1973, 1], [1974, 0], [1975, 0], [1976, 0], [1977, 0], [1978, 1], [1979, 0], [1980, 0], [1981, 2], [1982, 0], [1983, 1], [1984, 0], [1985, 2], [1986, 3], [1987, 1], [1988, 1], [1989, 2], [1990, 1], [1991, 1], [1992, 2], [1993, 1], [1994, 0], [1995, 0], [1996, 1], [1997, 1], [1998, 0], [1999, 1], [2000, 2], [2001, 3], [2002, 2], [2003, 1], [2004, 0], [2005, 2], [2006, 1], [2007, 3], [2008, 0], [2009, 3], [2010, 1], [2011, 0], [2012, 1], [2013, 2], [2014, 1], [2015, 0], [2016, 1], [2017, 0], [2018, 1], [2019, 0], [2020, 1]]
We can see above the number of attepmts per year from 1971-2020
In which year did the most attempts at breaking out of prison with a helicopter occur?
%matplotlib inline
barplot(attempts_per_year)
The most attempts at breaking out of prison with a helicopter occur in the year 2009, 2007, 2001 and 1986 with 3 attempts each.
In which countries do the most attempted helicopter prison escapes occur?
countries_frequency = df["Country"].value_counts()
print_pretty_table(countries_frequency)
Country | Number of Occurrences |
---|---|
France | 15 |
United States | 8 |
Canada | 4 |
Belgium | 4 |
Greece | 4 |
Australia | 2 |
United Kingdom | 2 |
Brazil | 2 |
Italy | 1 |
Chile | 1 |
Netherlands | 1 |
Russia | 1 |
Ireland | 1 |
Puerto Rico | 1 |
Mexico | 1 |
OTHER QUESTIONS
In which countries do helicopter prison breaks have a higher chance of success? FRANCE
How does the number of escapees affect the success? The number of escapees affect the success in a way that it is believed by the prisoners that to escape is not difficult since there were some that attempted it and succeeded which means the secuirty level is not so great.
Which escapees have done it more than once? The record for most helicopter escapes goes to convicted murderer Pascal Payet, who has used helicopters to escape from prisons in 2001, 2003, and most recently 2007.
Another multiple helicopter escapee is Vasilis Paleokostas, who on February 22, 2009, escaped for the second time from the same prison.
To thwart attempts of this nature, many prisons have taken precautions such as nets or cables strung over open prison courtyards.
open prison courtyards.