In [1]:
from IPython.display import Image
Image("images/F2.png",width=300)

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In [2]:
Image("images/dieti.png",width=200)

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Introduction to Quantum Circuits¶

Tutorial on the 1 Q-bit gates in Qiskit

In [3]:
Image("images/Qiskit.png",width=100)

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Qiskit is an open-source framework for quantum computing. It provides tools for creating and manipulating quantum programs and running them on prototype quantum devices on IBM Q Experience or on simulators on a local computer. It follows the circuit model for universal quantum computation, and can be used for any quantum hardware (currently supports superconducting qubits and trapped ions[4]) that follows this model.

In [4]:
from qiskit import *
from qiskit.visualization import plot_histogram, plot_bloch_vector, plot_bloch_multivector, circuit_drawer
from qiskit_textbook.widgets import plot_bloch_vector_spherical
from math import sqrt, pi
from IPython.display import display, Math, Latex

In [5]:
n=1
qc = QuantumCircuit(n)  # Create a quantum circuit with one qubit
backend = Aer.get_backend('statevector_simulator') # Tell Qiskit how to simulate our circuit

$$| \psi_{in}> = \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2} |0 \rangle + \frac{j}{2} |1 \rangle$$
In [6]:
initial_state = [sqrt(3)/2,1j/2]  # Define state |q_0>
print(initial_state)
plot_bloch_multivector(initial_state)

[0.8660254037844386, 0.5j]

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In [7]:
qc.initialize(initial_state, 0) # Apply initialisation operation to the 0th qubit
qc.draw(output='mpl') # Draw the corresponding circuit

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We now apply the not (X-) gate:

$$X = \begin{pmatrix} 0 & 1 \\ 1 & 0 \end{pmatrix}$$
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qc.x(0) #Apply X-gate
qc.draw(output='mpl') # Draw the corresponding circuit

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In [9]:
result = execute(qc,backend).result() # Do the simulation, returning the result
out_state = result.get_statevector() # Get the final statevector of an experiment.
print(out_state)
plot_bloch_multivector(out_state)

[0.       +0.5j 0.8660254+0.j ]

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In [10]:
results = result.get_counts() # Get the histogram data of an experiment.
print(out_state) # Display the output state vector

[0.       +0.5j 0.8660254+0.j ]

$$\begin{pmatrix} 0 & 1 \\ 1 & 0 \end{pmatrix} \left( \begin{array}{c} \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2} \\ \frac{j}{2} \end{array} \right)$$
$$| \psi_{out}> = \frac{j}{2} |0> + \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2} |1>$$
In [11]:
plot_histogram(results) # Display the output state vector

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Bibliography¶

Qiskit: An Open-source Framework for Quantum Computing (2019), doi:10.5281/zenodo.2562110

N. David Mermin "Quantum Computer Science (An Introduction)" (2007)