Image Classification (MobileNetV2, ImageNet)¶
- 🤖 See full list of Machine Learning Experiments on GitHub
- ▶️ Interactive Demo: try this model and other machine learning experiments in action
Experiment overview¶
In this experiment we will use a pre-trained MobileNetV2 Tensorflow model to classify images. This model is trained using the ImageNet dataset.
Importing dependencies¶
- tensorflow - for developing and training ML models.
- matplotlib - for plotting the data.
- numpy - for linear algebra operations.
- pathlib - for working with model files.
In [ ]:
# Selecting Tensorflow version v2 (the command is relevant for Colab only).
%tensorflow_version 2.x
In [1]:
import tensorflow as tf
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
import platform
import pathlib
print('Python version:', platform.python_version())
print('Tensorflow version:', tf.__version__)
print('Keras version:', tf.keras.__version__)
Python version: 3.7.6 Tensorflow version: 2.1.0 Keras version: 2.2.4-tf
Loading the model¶
MobileNet v2 models for Keras: https://www.tensorflow.org/api_docs/python/tf/keras/applications
In [2]:
model = tf.keras.applications.MobileNetV2()
print(model)
<tensorflow.python.keras.engine.training.Model object at 0x131595ad0>
Analyzing the model¶
In [3]:
model.summary()
Model: "mobilenetv2_1.00_224"
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
Layer (type) Output Shape Param # Connected to
==================================================================================================
input_1 (InputLayer) [(None, 224, 224, 3) 0
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
Conv1_pad (ZeroPadding2D) (None, 225, 225, 3) 0 input_1[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
Conv1 (Conv2D) (None, 112, 112, 32) 864 Conv1_pad[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
bn_Conv1 (BatchNormalization) (None, 112, 112, 32) 128 Conv1[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
Conv1_relu (ReLU) (None, 112, 112, 32) 0 bn_Conv1[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
expanded_conv_depthwise (Depthw (None, 112, 112, 32) 288 Conv1_relu[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
expanded_conv_depthwise_BN (Bat (None, 112, 112, 32) 128 expanded_conv_depthwise[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
expanded_conv_depthwise_relu (R (None, 112, 112, 32) 0 expanded_conv_depthwise_BN[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
expanded_conv_project (Conv2D) (None, 112, 112, 16) 512 expanded_conv_depthwise_relu[0][0
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
expanded_conv_project_BN (Batch (None, 112, 112, 16) 64 expanded_conv_project[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_1_expand (Conv2D) (None, 112, 112, 96) 1536 expanded_conv_project_BN[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_1_expand_BN (BatchNormali (None, 112, 112, 96) 384 block_1_expand[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_1_expand_relu (ReLU) (None, 112, 112, 96) 0 block_1_expand_BN[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_1_pad (ZeroPadding2D) (None, 113, 113, 96) 0 block_1_expand_relu[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_1_depthwise (DepthwiseCon (None, 56, 56, 96) 864 block_1_pad[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_1_depthwise_BN (BatchNorm (None, 56, 56, 96) 384 block_1_depthwise[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_1_depthwise_relu (ReLU) (None, 56, 56, 96) 0 block_1_depthwise_BN[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_1_project (Conv2D) (None, 56, 56, 24) 2304 block_1_depthwise_relu[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_1_project_BN (BatchNormal (None, 56, 56, 24) 96 block_1_project[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_2_expand (Conv2D) (None, 56, 56, 144) 3456 block_1_project_BN[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_2_expand_BN (BatchNormali (None, 56, 56, 144) 576 block_2_expand[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_2_expand_relu (ReLU) (None, 56, 56, 144) 0 block_2_expand_BN[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_2_depthwise (DepthwiseCon (None, 56, 56, 144) 1296 block_2_expand_relu[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_2_depthwise_BN (BatchNorm (None, 56, 56, 144) 576 block_2_depthwise[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_2_depthwise_relu (ReLU) (None, 56, 56, 144) 0 block_2_depthwise_BN[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_2_project (Conv2D) (None, 56, 56, 24) 3456 block_2_depthwise_relu[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_2_project_BN (BatchNormal (None, 56, 56, 24) 96 block_2_project[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_2_add (Add) (None, 56, 56, 24) 0 block_1_project_BN[0][0]
block_2_project_BN[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_3_expand (Conv2D) (None, 56, 56, 144) 3456 block_2_add[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_3_expand_BN (BatchNormali (None, 56, 56, 144) 576 block_3_expand[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_3_expand_relu (ReLU) (None, 56, 56, 144) 0 block_3_expand_BN[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_3_pad (ZeroPadding2D) (None, 57, 57, 144) 0 block_3_expand_relu[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_3_depthwise (DepthwiseCon (None, 28, 28, 144) 1296 block_3_pad[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_3_depthwise_BN (BatchNorm (None, 28, 28, 144) 576 block_3_depthwise[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_3_depthwise_relu (ReLU) (None, 28, 28, 144) 0 block_3_depthwise_BN[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_3_project (Conv2D) (None, 28, 28, 32) 4608 block_3_depthwise_relu[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_3_project_BN (BatchNormal (None, 28, 28, 32) 128 block_3_project[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_4_expand (Conv2D) (None, 28, 28, 192) 6144 block_3_project_BN[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_4_expand_BN (BatchNormali (None, 28, 28, 192) 768 block_4_expand[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_4_expand_relu (ReLU) (None, 28, 28, 192) 0 block_4_expand_BN[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_4_depthwise (DepthwiseCon (None, 28, 28, 192) 1728 block_4_expand_relu[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_4_depthwise_BN (BatchNorm (None, 28, 28, 192) 768 block_4_depthwise[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_4_depthwise_relu (ReLU) (None, 28, 28, 192) 0 block_4_depthwise_BN[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_4_project (Conv2D) (None, 28, 28, 32) 6144 block_4_depthwise_relu[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_4_project_BN (BatchNormal (None, 28, 28, 32) 128 block_4_project[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_4_add (Add) (None, 28, 28, 32) 0 block_3_project_BN[0][0]
block_4_project_BN[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_5_expand (Conv2D) (None, 28, 28, 192) 6144 block_4_add[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_5_expand_BN (BatchNormali (None, 28, 28, 192) 768 block_5_expand[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_5_expand_relu (ReLU) (None, 28, 28, 192) 0 block_5_expand_BN[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_5_depthwise (DepthwiseCon (None, 28, 28, 192) 1728 block_5_expand_relu[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_5_depthwise_BN (BatchNorm (None, 28, 28, 192) 768 block_5_depthwise[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_5_depthwise_relu (ReLU) (None, 28, 28, 192) 0 block_5_depthwise_BN[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_5_project (Conv2D) (None, 28, 28, 32) 6144 block_5_depthwise_relu[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_5_project_BN (BatchNormal (None, 28, 28, 32) 128 block_5_project[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_5_add (Add) (None, 28, 28, 32) 0 block_4_add[0][0]
block_5_project_BN[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_6_expand (Conv2D) (None, 28, 28, 192) 6144 block_5_add[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_6_expand_BN (BatchNormali (None, 28, 28, 192) 768 block_6_expand[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_6_expand_relu (ReLU) (None, 28, 28, 192) 0 block_6_expand_BN[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_6_pad (ZeroPadding2D) (None, 29, 29, 192) 0 block_6_expand_relu[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_6_depthwise (DepthwiseCon (None, 14, 14, 192) 1728 block_6_pad[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_6_depthwise_BN (BatchNorm (None, 14, 14, 192) 768 block_6_depthwise[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_6_depthwise_relu (ReLU) (None, 14, 14, 192) 0 block_6_depthwise_BN[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_6_project (Conv2D) (None, 14, 14, 64) 12288 block_6_depthwise_relu[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_6_project_BN (BatchNormal (None, 14, 14, 64) 256 block_6_project[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_7_expand (Conv2D) (None, 14, 14, 384) 24576 block_6_project_BN[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_7_expand_BN (BatchNormali (None, 14, 14, 384) 1536 block_7_expand[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_7_expand_relu (ReLU) (None, 14, 14, 384) 0 block_7_expand_BN[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_7_depthwise (DepthwiseCon (None, 14, 14, 384) 3456 block_7_expand_relu[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_7_depthwise_BN (BatchNorm (None, 14, 14, 384) 1536 block_7_depthwise[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_7_depthwise_relu (ReLU) (None, 14, 14, 384) 0 block_7_depthwise_BN[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_7_project (Conv2D) (None, 14, 14, 64) 24576 block_7_depthwise_relu[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_7_project_BN (BatchNormal (None, 14, 14, 64) 256 block_7_project[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_7_add (Add) (None, 14, 14, 64) 0 block_6_project_BN[0][0]
block_7_project_BN[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_8_expand (Conv2D) (None, 14, 14, 384) 24576 block_7_add[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_8_expand_BN (BatchNormali (None, 14, 14, 384) 1536 block_8_expand[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_8_expand_relu (ReLU) (None, 14, 14, 384) 0 block_8_expand_BN[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_8_depthwise (DepthwiseCon (None, 14, 14, 384) 3456 block_8_expand_relu[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_8_depthwise_BN (BatchNorm (None, 14, 14, 384) 1536 block_8_depthwise[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_8_depthwise_relu (ReLU) (None, 14, 14, 384) 0 block_8_depthwise_BN[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_8_project (Conv2D) (None, 14, 14, 64) 24576 block_8_depthwise_relu[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_8_project_BN (BatchNormal (None, 14, 14, 64) 256 block_8_project[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_8_add (Add) (None, 14, 14, 64) 0 block_7_add[0][0]
block_8_project_BN[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_9_expand (Conv2D) (None, 14, 14, 384) 24576 block_8_add[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_9_expand_BN (BatchNormali (None, 14, 14, 384) 1536 block_9_expand[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_9_expand_relu (ReLU) (None, 14, 14, 384) 0 block_9_expand_BN[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_9_depthwise (DepthwiseCon (None, 14, 14, 384) 3456 block_9_expand_relu[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_9_depthwise_BN (BatchNorm (None, 14, 14, 384) 1536 block_9_depthwise[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_9_depthwise_relu (ReLU) (None, 14, 14, 384) 0 block_9_depthwise_BN[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_9_project (Conv2D) (None, 14, 14, 64) 24576 block_9_depthwise_relu[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_9_project_BN (BatchNormal (None, 14, 14, 64) 256 block_9_project[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_9_add (Add) (None, 14, 14, 64) 0 block_8_add[0][0]
block_9_project_BN[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_10_expand (Conv2D) (None, 14, 14, 384) 24576 block_9_add[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_10_expand_BN (BatchNormal (None, 14, 14, 384) 1536 block_10_expand[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_10_expand_relu (ReLU) (None, 14, 14, 384) 0 block_10_expand_BN[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_10_depthwise (DepthwiseCo (None, 14, 14, 384) 3456 block_10_expand_relu[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_10_depthwise_BN (BatchNor (None, 14, 14, 384) 1536 block_10_depthwise[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_10_depthwise_relu (ReLU) (None, 14, 14, 384) 0 block_10_depthwise_BN[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_10_project (Conv2D) (None, 14, 14, 96) 36864 block_10_depthwise_relu[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_10_project_BN (BatchNorma (None, 14, 14, 96) 384 block_10_project[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_11_expand (Conv2D) (None, 14, 14, 576) 55296 block_10_project_BN[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_11_expand_BN (BatchNormal (None, 14, 14, 576) 2304 block_11_expand[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_11_expand_relu (ReLU) (None, 14, 14, 576) 0 block_11_expand_BN[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_11_depthwise (DepthwiseCo (None, 14, 14, 576) 5184 block_11_expand_relu[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_11_depthwise_BN (BatchNor (None, 14, 14, 576) 2304 block_11_depthwise[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_11_depthwise_relu (ReLU) (None, 14, 14, 576) 0 block_11_depthwise_BN[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_11_project (Conv2D) (None, 14, 14, 96) 55296 block_11_depthwise_relu[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_11_project_BN (BatchNorma (None, 14, 14, 96) 384 block_11_project[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_11_add (Add) (None, 14, 14, 96) 0 block_10_project_BN[0][0]
block_11_project_BN[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_12_expand (Conv2D) (None, 14, 14, 576) 55296 block_11_add[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_12_expand_BN (BatchNormal (None, 14, 14, 576) 2304 block_12_expand[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_12_expand_relu (ReLU) (None, 14, 14, 576) 0 block_12_expand_BN[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_12_depthwise (DepthwiseCo (None, 14, 14, 576) 5184 block_12_expand_relu[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_12_depthwise_BN (BatchNor (None, 14, 14, 576) 2304 block_12_depthwise[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_12_depthwise_relu (ReLU) (None, 14, 14, 576) 0 block_12_depthwise_BN[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_12_project (Conv2D) (None, 14, 14, 96) 55296 block_12_depthwise_relu[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_12_project_BN (BatchNorma (None, 14, 14, 96) 384 block_12_project[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_12_add (Add) (None, 14, 14, 96) 0 block_11_add[0][0]
block_12_project_BN[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_13_expand (Conv2D) (None, 14, 14, 576) 55296 block_12_add[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_13_expand_BN (BatchNormal (None, 14, 14, 576) 2304 block_13_expand[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_13_expand_relu (ReLU) (None, 14, 14, 576) 0 block_13_expand_BN[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_13_pad (ZeroPadding2D) (None, 15, 15, 576) 0 block_13_expand_relu[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_13_depthwise (DepthwiseCo (None, 7, 7, 576) 5184 block_13_pad[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_13_depthwise_BN (BatchNor (None, 7, 7, 576) 2304 block_13_depthwise[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_13_depthwise_relu (ReLU) (None, 7, 7, 576) 0 block_13_depthwise_BN[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_13_project (Conv2D) (None, 7, 7, 160) 92160 block_13_depthwise_relu[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_13_project_BN (BatchNorma (None, 7, 7, 160) 640 block_13_project[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_14_expand (Conv2D) (None, 7, 7, 960) 153600 block_13_project_BN[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_14_expand_BN (BatchNormal (None, 7, 7, 960) 3840 block_14_expand[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_14_expand_relu (ReLU) (None, 7, 7, 960) 0 block_14_expand_BN[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_14_depthwise (DepthwiseCo (None, 7, 7, 960) 8640 block_14_expand_relu[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_14_depthwise_BN (BatchNor (None, 7, 7, 960) 3840 block_14_depthwise[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_14_depthwise_relu (ReLU) (None, 7, 7, 960) 0 block_14_depthwise_BN[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_14_project (Conv2D) (None, 7, 7, 160) 153600 block_14_depthwise_relu[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_14_project_BN (BatchNorma (None, 7, 7, 160) 640 block_14_project[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_14_add (Add) (None, 7, 7, 160) 0 block_13_project_BN[0][0]
block_14_project_BN[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_15_expand (Conv2D) (None, 7, 7, 960) 153600 block_14_add[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_15_expand_BN (BatchNormal (None, 7, 7, 960) 3840 block_15_expand[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_15_expand_relu (ReLU) (None, 7, 7, 960) 0 block_15_expand_BN[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_15_depthwise (DepthwiseCo (None, 7, 7, 960) 8640 block_15_expand_relu[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_15_depthwise_BN (BatchNor (None, 7, 7, 960) 3840 block_15_depthwise[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_15_depthwise_relu (ReLU) (None, 7, 7, 960) 0 block_15_depthwise_BN[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_15_project (Conv2D) (None, 7, 7, 160) 153600 block_15_depthwise_relu[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_15_project_BN (BatchNorma (None, 7, 7, 160) 640 block_15_project[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_15_add (Add) (None, 7, 7, 160) 0 block_14_add[0][0]
block_15_project_BN[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_16_expand (Conv2D) (None, 7, 7, 960) 153600 block_15_add[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_16_expand_BN (BatchNormal (None, 7, 7, 960) 3840 block_16_expand[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_16_expand_relu (ReLU) (None, 7, 7, 960) 0 block_16_expand_BN[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_16_depthwise (DepthwiseCo (None, 7, 7, 960) 8640 block_16_expand_relu[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_16_depthwise_BN (BatchNor (None, 7, 7, 960) 3840 block_16_depthwise[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_16_depthwise_relu (ReLU) (None, 7, 7, 960) 0 block_16_depthwise_BN[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_16_project (Conv2D) (None, 7, 7, 320) 307200 block_16_depthwise_relu[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
block_16_project_BN (BatchNorma (None, 7, 7, 320) 1280 block_16_project[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
Conv_1 (Conv2D) (None, 7, 7, 1280) 409600 block_16_project_BN[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
Conv_1_bn (BatchNormalization) (None, 7, 7, 1280) 5120 Conv_1[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
out_relu (ReLU) (None, 7, 7, 1280) 0 Conv_1_bn[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
global_average_pooling2d (Globa (None, 1280) 0 out_relu[0][0]
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
Logits (Dense) (None, 1000) 1281000 global_average_pooling2d[0][0]
==================================================================================================
Total params: 3,538,984
Trainable params: 3,504,872
Non-trainable params: 34,112
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
In order to plot the model the graphviz should be installed. For Mac OS it may be installed using brew like brew install graphviz.
In [4]:
tf.keras.utils.plot_model(model, show_shapes=True, show_layer_names=True)
Out[4]: