Prof. Tony Saad (www.tsaad.net)
Department of Chemical Engineering
University of Utah
import numpy as np
%matplotlib inline
%config InlineBackend.figure_format = 'svg'
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.animation as animation
from matplotlib import cm
plt.rcParams['animation.html'] = 'html5'
'''
Compute first derivative using central differencing on f
'''
def ddx(f, dx):
result = np.zeros_like(f)
result[1:-1,1:-1] = (f[1:-1,2:] - f[1:-1,:-2])/2.0/dx
return result
def ddy(f, dy):
result = np.zeros_like(f)
result[1:-1,1:-1] = (f[2:,1:-1] - f[:-2,1:-1])/2.0/dy
return result
def laplacian(f, dx, dy):
result = np.zeros_like(f)
result[1:-1,1:-1] = (f[1:-1,2:] - 2.0*f[1:-1,1:-1] + f[1:-1,:-2])/dx/dx \
+ (f[2:,1:-1] -2.0*f[1:-1,1:-1] + f[:-2,1:-1])/dy/dy
return result
def div(u,v,dx,dy):
return ddx(u,dx) + ddy(v,dy)
nx = 32
ny = 32
lx = 1.0
ly = 1.0
dx = lx/(nx-1)
dy = ly/(ny-1)
ν = 0.05
Ut = 1.0 # m/s
dt = min(0.25*dx*dx/ν, 4.0*ν/Ut/Ut)
print('Re =', Ut*lx/ν)
u = np.zeros([ny,nx])
v = np.zeros([ny,nx])
uh = np.zeros([ny,nx])
vh = np.zeros([ny,nx])
p = np.zeros([ny,nx])
Re = 20.0
def pressure_poisson(p, dx, dy, b):
pn = np.empty_like(p)
it = 0
err = 1e5
tol = 1e-3
maxit = 50
while it < maxit and err > tol:
pn = p.copy()
p[1:-1, 1:-1] = (((pn[1:-1, 2:] + pn[1:-1, 0:-2]) * dy**2 +
(pn[2:, 1:-1] + pn[0:-2, 1:-1]) * dx**2) /
(2 * (dx**2 + dy**2)) -
dx**2 * dy**2 / (2 * (dx**2 + dy**2)) *
b[1:-1,1:-1])
p[:, -1] = p[:, -2] # dp/dy = 0 at right wall
p[0, :] = p[1, :] # dp/dy = 0 at y = 0
p[:, 0] = p[:, 1] # dp/dx = 0 at x = 0
p[-1, :] = 0 # p = 0 at the top wall
err = np.linalg.norm(p - pn, 2)
it += 1
return p, err
t = 0.0
tend = 4000*dt
while t < tend:
# set boundary conditions
# bottom wall
u[0,:] = 0.0
v[0,:] = 0.0
# top wall
u[-1,:] = Ut
v[-1,:] = 0.0
# left wall
u[:,0] = 0.0
v[:,0] = 0.0
# right wall
u[:,-1] = 0.0
v[:,-1] = 0.0
# do the x-momentum RHS
# u rhs: - d(uu)/dx - d(vu)/dy + ν d2(u)
uRHS = - ddx(u*u,dx) - ddy(v*u,dy) + ν*laplacian(u,dx,dy)
# v rhs: - d(uv)/dx - d(vv)/dy + ν d2(v)
vRHS = - ddx(u*v,dx) - ddy(v*v,dy) + ν*laplacian(v,dx,dy)
uh = u + dt*uRHS
vh = v + dt*vRHS
# next compute the pressure RHS: prhs = div(un)/dt + div( [urhs, vrhs])
prhs = div(uh,vh,dx,dy)/dt
p,err = pressure_poisson(p,dx,dy,prhs)
# finally compute the true velocities
# u_{n+1} = uh - dt*dpdx
u = uh - dt*ddx(p,dx)
v = vh - dt*ddy(p,dy)
t += dt
vel =np.sqrt(uh**2 + vh**2)
plt.contourf(vel,cmap='hsv')
plt.quiver(u,v,color='k')
<matplotlib.quiver.Quiver at 0x11a014780>
divu = div(u,v,dx,dy)
plt.imshow(abs(divu), origin='bottom')
plt.colorbar()
<matplotlib.colorbar.Colorbar at 0x11a18fb38>
divu = div(uh,vh,dx,dy) - dt * laplacian(p,dx,dy)
plt.imshow(abs(divu), origin='bottom')
plt.colorbar()
<matplotlib.colorbar.Colorbar at 0x1187bd2e8>
import urllib
import requests
from IPython.core.display import HTML
def css_styling():
styles = requests.get("https://raw.githubusercontent.com/saadtony/NumericalMethods/master/styles/custom.css")
return HTML(styles.text)
css_styling()