# Batch Prediction with PyTorch¶

In [1]:
%matplotlib inline


This example follows Torch's transfer learning tutorial. We will

1. Finetune a pretrained convolutional neural network on a specific task (ants vs. bees).
2. Use a Dask cluster for batch prediction with that model.

The primary focus is using a Dask cluster for batch prediction.

Note that the base environment on the examples.dask.org Binder does not include PyTorch or torchvision. To run this example, you'll need to run

!conda install -y pytorch-cpu torchvision

which will take a bit of time to run.

The PyTorch documentation hosts a small set of data. We'll download and extract it locally.

In [2]:
import urllib.request
import zipfile

In [3]:
filename, _ = urllib.request.urlretrieve("https://download.pytorch.org/tutorial/hymenoptera_data.zip", "data.zip")
zipfile.ZipFile(filename).extractall()


The directory looks like

hymenoptera_data/
train/
ants/
0013035.jpg
...
bees/
1092977343_cb42b38d62.jpg
...
2486729079_62df0920be.jpg

train/
ants/
0013025.jpg
...
bees/
1092977343_cb42b38e62.jpg
...
2486729079_62df0921be.jpg

Following the tutorial, we'll finetune the model.

In [4]:
import torchvision
from tutorial_helper import (imshow, train_model, visualize_model,


## Finetune the model¶

Our base model is resnet18. It predicts for 1,000 categories, while ours just predicts 2 (ants or bees). To make this model train quickly on examples.dask.org, we'll only use a couple of epochs.

In [5]:
import dask

In [6]:
%%time
model = finetune_model()

Epoch 0/1
----------
train Loss: 0.6196 Acc: 0.6844
val Loss: 0.2042 Acc: 0.9281

Epoch 1/1
----------
train Loss: 0.4517 Acc: 0.7787
val Loss: 0.1458 Acc: 0.9477

Training complete in 0m 4s
Best val Acc: 0.947712
CPU times: user 3.92 s, sys: 2.03 s, total: 5.95 s
Wall time: 6.33 s


Things seem OK on a few random images:

In [7]:
visualize_model(model)


Now for the main topic: using a pretrained model for batch prediction on a Dask cluster. There are two main complications, that both deal with minimizing the amount of data moved around:

1. Loading the data on the workers.. We'll use dask.delayed to load the data on the workers, rather than loading it on the client and sending it to the workers.
2. PyTorch neural networks are large. We don't want them in Dask task graphs, and we only want to move them around once.
In [8]:
from distributed import Client

client

Out[8]:

### Cluster

• Workers: 2
• Cores: 4
• Memory: 100.00 GB

First, we'll define a couple helpers to load the data and preprocess it for the neural network. We'll use dask.delayed here so that the execuation is lazy and happens on the cluster. See the delayed example for more on using dask.delayed.

In [9]:
import glob
import toolz
import torch
from torchvision import transforms
from PIL import Image

with fs.open(path, 'rb') as f:
img = Image.open(f).convert("RGB")
return img

def transform(img):
trn = transforms.Compose([
transforms.Resize(256),
transforms.CenterCrop(224),
transforms.ToTensor(),
transforms.Normalize([0.485, 0.456, 0.406], [0.229, 0.224, 0.225])
])
return trn(img)

In [10]:
objs = [load(x) for x in glob.glob("hymenoptera_data/val/*/*.jpg")]


To load the data from cloud storage, say Amazon S3, you would use

import s3fs

fs = s3fs.S3FileSystem(...)
objs = [load(x, fs=fs) for x in fs.glob(...)]


The PyTorch model expects tensors of a specific shape, so let's transform them.

In [11]:
tensors = [transform(x) for x in objs]


And the model expects batches of inputs, so let's stack a few together.

In [12]:
batches = [dask.delayed(torch.stack)(batch)
for batch in toolz.partition_all(10, tensors)]
batches[:5]

Out[12]:
[Delayed('stack-da59d324-464a-4dce-adfa-0dc99dc53299'),
Delayed('stack-939f881b-58ba-4bb5-b4eb-1df6ccfa850f'),
Delayed('stack-e3809d5d-84f2-4279-a1a6-71131f4d2c53'),
Delayed('stack-a172c545-7cdd-467f-a2bc-e5c5ae611d50'),
Delayed('stack-8698c88b-6e05-442d-8346-8af67d0992ae')]

Finally, we'll write a small predict helper to predict the output class (0 or 1).

In [13]:
@dask.delayed
def predict(batch, model):
out = model(batch)
_, predicted = torch.max(out, 1)
predicted = predicted.numpy()
return predicted


### Moving the model around¶

PyTorch neural networks are large, so we don't want to repeat it many times in our task graph (once per batch).

In [14]:
import pickle


Out[14]:
'44.80 MB'

Instead, we'll also wrap the model itself in dask.delayed. This means the model only shows up once in the Dask graph.

Additionally, since we performed fine-tuning in the above (and that runs on a GPU if its available), we should move the model back to the CPU.

In [15]:
dmodel = dask.delayed(model.cpu()) # ensuring model is on the CPU


Now we'll use the (delayed) predict method to get our predictions.

In [16]:
predictions = [predict(batch, dmodel) for batch in batches]