from mxnet import autograd, np, npx
from mxnet.gluon import nn
npx.set_np()
互相关运算。
def corr2d(X, K):
h, w = K.shape
Y = np.zeros((X.shape[0] - h + 1, X.shape[1] - w + 1))
for i in range(Y.shape[0]):
for j in range(Y.shape[1]):
Y[i, j] = (X[i: i + h, j: j + w] * K).sum()
return Y
X = np.array([[0, 1, 2], [3, 4, 5], [6, 7, 8]])
K = np.array([[0, 1], [2, 3]])
corr2d(X, K)
array([[19., 25.], [37., 43.]])
卷积层。
class Conv2D(nn.Block):
def __init__(self, kernel_size, **kwargs):
super(Conv2D, self).__init__(**kwargs)
self.weight = self.params.get('weight', shape=kernel_size)
self.bias = self.params.get('bias', shape=(1,))
def forward(self, x):
return corr2d(x, self.weight.data()) + self.bias.data()
填充。
# 用来测试卷积层的一个小函数。
def comp_conv2d(conv2d, X):
conv2d.initialize()
# 加上批量和通道维度。
X = X.reshape((1, 1) + X.shape)
Y = conv2d(X)
# 除去加上的两个维度。
return Y.reshape(Y.shape[2:])
conv2d = nn.Conv2D(1, kernel_size=3, padding=1)
X = np.random.uniform(size=(8, 8))
comp_conv2d(conv2d, X).shape
(8, 8)
步幅。
conv2d = nn.Conv2D(1, kernel_size=3, padding=1, strides=2)
comp_conv2d(conv2d, X).shape
(4, 4)
一个稍微更加复杂的样例。
conv2d = nn.Conv2D(1, kernel_size=(3, 5), padding=(0, 1), strides=(3, 4))
comp_conv2d(conv2d, X).shape
(2, 2)
多个输入通道。
def corr2d_multi_in(X, K):
return sum(corr2d(x, k) for x, k in zip(X, K))
X = np.array([[[0, 1, 2], [3, 4, 5], [6, 7, 8]],
[[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]]])
K = np.array([[[0, 1], [2, 3]], [[1, 2], [3, 4]]])
corr2d_multi_in(X, K)
array([[ 56., 72.], [104., 120.]])
多输入通道。
def corr2d_multi_in_out(X, K):
return np.stack([corr2d_multi_in(X, k) for k in K])
K = np.stack((K, K + 1, K + 2))
K.shape, corr2d_multi_in_out(X, K).shape
((3, 2, 2, 2), (3, 2, 2))