#!/usr/bin/env python
# coding: utf-8

# In[1]:


# %load ../example_code/item_21.py
#!/usr/bin/env python3

# Copyright 2014 Brett Slatkin, Pearson Education Inc.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.

# Preamble to mimick book environment
import logging
from pprint import pprint
from sys import stdout as STDOUT


# ## Too many args and confusing. 

# In[2]:


# Example 1
def safe_division(number, divisor, ignore_overflow,
                  ignore_zero_division):
    try:
        return number / divisor
    except OverflowError:
        if ignore_overflow:
            return 0
        else:
            raise
    except ZeroDivisionError:
        if ignore_zero_division:
            return float('inf')
        else:
            raise


# In[3]:


# Example 2
result = safe_division(1.0, 10**500, True, False)
print(result)
assert result is 0


# In[4]:


# Example 3
result = safe_division(1.0, 0, False, True)
print(result)
assert result == float('inf')


# In[5]:


# Example 4
def safe_division_b(number, divisor,
                    ignore_overflow=False,
                    ignore_zero_division=False):
    try:
        return number / divisor
    except OverflowError:
        if ignore_overflow:
            return 0
        else:
            raise
    except ZeroDivisionError:
        if ignore_zero_division:
            return float('inf')
        else:
            raise


# ## Can use keyword args, but there is no way to force it.

# In[6]:


# Example 5
assert safe_division_b(1.0, 10**500, ignore_overflow=True) is 0
assert safe_division_b(1.0, 0, ignore_zero_division=True) == float('inf')


# In[7]:


# Example 6
assert safe_division_b(1.0, 10**500, True, False) is 0


# ## We can force it using *. WONDERFUL!!
# The *	symbol	in	the	argument	list	indicates	the	end	of	positional	arguments	and	the	beginning of	keyword-only	arguments.

# In[8]:


# Example 7
def safe_division_c(number, divisor, *,
                    ignore_overflow=False,
                    ignore_zero_division=False):
    try:
        return number / divisor
    except OverflowError:
        if ignore_overflow:
            return 0
        else:
            raise
    except ZeroDivisionError:
        if ignore_zero_division:
            return float('inf')
        else:
            raise


# In[9]:


# Example 8
safe_division_c(1.0, 10**500, True, False)


# In[10]:


# Example 9
safe_division_c(1.0, 0, ignore_zero_division=True)  # No exception
try:
    safe_division_c(1.0, 0)
    assert False
except ZeroDivisionError:
    pass  # Expected


# In[11]:


# Example 10
def print_args(*args, **kwargs):
    print('Positional:', args)
    print('Keyword:   ', kwargs)

print_args(1, 2, foo='bar', stuff='meep')


# ## In Python2, it's complicated, but doable. 

# In[12]:


# Example 11
def safe_division_d(number, divisor, **kwargs):
    ignore_overflow = kwargs.pop('ignore_overflow', False)
    ignore_zero_div = kwargs.pop('ignore_zero_division', False)
    if kwargs:
        raise TypeError('Unexpected **kwargs: %r' % kwargs)
    try:
        return number / divisor
    except OverflowError:
        if ignore_overflow:
            return 0
        else:
            raise
    except ZeroDivisionError:
        if ignore_zero_div:
            return float('inf')
        else:
            raise

assert safe_division_d(1.0, 10) == 0.1
assert safe_division_d(1.0, 0, ignore_zero_division=True) == float('inf')
assert safe_division_d(1.0, 10**500, ignore_overflow=True) is 0


# In[13]:


# Example 12
safe_division_d(1.0, 0, False, True)


# In[14]:


# Example 13
safe_division_d(0.0, 0, unexpected=True)