#!/usr/bin/env python
# coding: utf-8

# # 2. Skip-gram with negative sampling

# I recommend you take a look at these material first.

# * http://web.stanford.edu/class/cs224n/lectures/cs224n-2017-lecture3.pdf
# * http://papers.nips.cc/paper/5021-distributed-representations-of-words-and-phrases-and-their-compositionality.pdf

# In[1]:


import torch
import torch.nn as nn
from torch.autograd import Variable
import torch.optim as optim
import torch.nn.functional as F
import nltk
import random
import numpy as np
from collections import Counter
flatten = lambda l: [item for sublist in l for item in sublist]
random.seed(1024)


# In[2]:


print(torch.__version__)
print(nltk.__version__)


# In[3]:


USE_CUDA = torch.cuda.is_available()
gpus = [0]
torch.cuda.set_device(gpus[0])

FloatTensor = torch.cuda.FloatTensor if USE_CUDA else torch.FloatTensor
LongTensor = torch.cuda.LongTensor if USE_CUDA else torch.LongTensor
ByteTensor = torch.cuda.ByteTensor if USE_CUDA else torch.ByteTensor


# In[4]:


def getBatch(batch_size, train_data):
    random.shuffle(train_data)
    sindex = 0
    eindex = batch_size
    while eindex < len(train_data):
        batch = train_data[sindex: eindex]
        temp = eindex
        eindex = eindex + batch_size
        sindex = temp
        yield batch
    
    if eindex >= len(train_data):
        batch = train_data[sindex:]
        yield batch


# In[5]:


def prepare_sequence(seq, word2index):
    idxs = list(map(lambda w: word2index[w] if word2index.get(w) is not None else word2index["<UNK>"], seq))
    return Variable(LongTensor(idxs))

def prepare_word(word, word2index):
    return Variable(LongTensor([word2index[word]]) if word2index.get(word) is not None else LongTensor([word2index["<UNK>"]]))


# ## Data load and Preprocessing 

# In[6]:


corpus = list(nltk.corpus.gutenberg.sents('melville-moby_dick.txt'))[:500]
corpus = [[word.lower() for word in sent] for sent in corpus]


# ### Exclude sparse words 

# In[7]:


word_count = Counter(flatten(corpus))


# In[8]:


MIN_COUNT = 3
exclude = []


# In[9]:


for w, c in word_count.items():
    if c < MIN_COUNT:
        exclude.append(w)


# ### Prepare train data 

# In[10]:


vocab = list(set(flatten(corpus)) - set(exclude))


# In[11]:


word2index = {}
for vo in vocab:
    if word2index.get(vo) is None:
        word2index[vo] = len(word2index)
        
index2word = {v:k for k, v in word2index.items()}


# In[12]:


WINDOW_SIZE = 5
windows =  flatten([list(nltk.ngrams(['<DUMMY>'] * WINDOW_SIZE + c + ['<DUMMY>'] * WINDOW_SIZE, WINDOW_SIZE * 2 + 1)) for c in corpus])

train_data = []

for window in windows:
    for i in range(WINDOW_SIZE * 2 + 1):
        if window[i] in exclude or window[WINDOW_SIZE] in exclude: 
            continue # min_count
        if i == WINDOW_SIZE or window[i] == '<DUMMY>': 
            continue
        train_data.append((window[WINDOW_SIZE], window[i]))

X_p = []
y_p = []

for tr in train_data:
    X_p.append(prepare_word(tr[0], word2index).view(1, -1))
    y_p.append(prepare_word(tr[1], word2index).view(1, -1))
    
train_data = list(zip(X_p, y_p))


# In[13]:


len(train_data)


# ### Build Unigram Distribution**0.75 

# $$P(w)=U(w)^{3/4}/Z$$

# In[14]:


Z = 0.001


# In[15]:


word_count = Counter(flatten(corpus))
num_total_words = sum([c for w, c in word_count.items() if w not in exclude])


# In[16]:


unigram_table = []

for vo in vocab:
    unigram_table.extend([vo] * int(((word_count[vo]/num_total_words)**0.75)/Z))


# In[17]:


print(len(vocab), len(unigram_table))


# ### Negative Sampling 

# In[18]:


def negative_sampling(targets, unigram_table, k):
    batch_size = targets.size(0)
    neg_samples = []
    for i in range(batch_size):
        nsample = []
        target_index = targets[i].data.cpu().tolist()[0] if USE_CUDA else targets[i].data.tolist()[0]
        while len(nsample) < k: # num of sampling
            neg = random.choice(unigram_table)
            if word2index[neg] == target_index:
                continue
            nsample.append(neg)
        neg_samples.append(prepare_sequence(nsample, word2index).view(1, -1))
    
    return torch.cat(neg_samples)


# ## Modeling 

# <img src="../images/02.skipgram-objective.png">
# <center>borrowed image from http://web.stanford.edu/class/cs224n/lectures/cs224n-2017-lecture3.pdf</center>

# In[19]:


class SkipgramNegSampling(nn.Module):
    
    def __init__(self, vocab_size, projection_dim):
        super(SkipgramNegSampling, self).__init__()
        self.embedding_v = nn.Embedding(vocab_size, projection_dim) # center embedding
        self.embedding_u = nn.Embedding(vocab_size, projection_dim) # out embedding
        self.logsigmoid = nn.LogSigmoid()
                
        initrange = (2.0 / (vocab_size + projection_dim))**0.5 # Xavier init
        self.embedding_v.weight.data.uniform_(-initrange, initrange) # init
        self.embedding_u.weight.data.uniform_(-0.0, 0.0) # init
        
    def forward(self, center_words, target_words, negative_words):
        center_embeds = self.embedding_v(center_words) # B x 1 x D
        target_embeds = self.embedding_u(target_words) # B x 1 x D
        
        neg_embeds = -self.embedding_u(negative_words) # B x K x D
        
        positive_score = target_embeds.bmm(center_embeds.transpose(1, 2)).squeeze(2) # Bx1
        negative_score = torch.sum(neg_embeds.bmm(center_embeds.transpose(1, 2)).squeeze(2), 1).view(negs.size(0), -1) # BxK -> Bx1
        
        loss = self.logsigmoid(positive_score) + self.logsigmoid(negative_score)
        
        return -torch.mean(loss)
    
    def prediction(self, inputs):
        embeds = self.embedding_v(inputs)
        
        return embeds


# ## Train 

# In[68]:


EMBEDDING_SIZE = 30 
BATCH_SIZE = 256
EPOCH = 100
NEG = 10 # Num of Negative Sampling


# In[69]:


losses = []
model = SkipgramNegSampling(len(word2index), EMBEDDING_SIZE)
if USE_CUDA:
    model = model.cuda()
optimizer = optim.Adam(model.parameters(), lr=0.001)


# In[70]:


for epoch in range(EPOCH):
    for i,batch in enumerate(getBatch(BATCH_SIZE, train_data)):
        
        inputs, targets = zip(*batch)
        
        inputs = torch.cat(inputs) # B x 1
        targets = torch.cat(targets) # B x 1
        negs = negative_sampling(targets, unigram_table, NEG)
        model.zero_grad()

        loss = model(inputs, targets, negs)
        
        loss.backward()
        optimizer.step()
    
        losses.append(loss.data.tolist()[0])
    if epoch % 10 == 0:
        print("Epoch : %d, mean_loss : %.02f" % (epoch, np.mean(losses)))
        losses = []


# ## Test 

# In[71]:


def word_similarity(target, vocab):
    if USE_CUDA:
        target_V = model.prediction(prepare_word(target, word2index))
    else:
        target_V = model.prediction(prepare_word(target, word2index))
    similarities = []
    for i in range(len(vocab)):
        if vocab[i] == target: 
            continue
        
        if USE_CUDA:
            vector = model.prediction(prepare_word(list(vocab)[i], word2index))
        else:
            vector = model.prediction(prepare_word(list(vocab)[i], word2index))
        
        cosine_sim = F.cosine_similarity(target_V, vector).data.tolist()[0]
        similarities.append([vocab[i], cosine_sim])
    return sorted(similarities, key=lambda x: x[1], reverse=True)[:10]


# In[212]:


test = random.choice(list(vocab))
test


# In[213]:


word_similarity(test, vocab)


# In[ ]: