a = 10
print a
b, c = 3.1, 4
print b, c
b, c = c, b
print b, c
print type(a), type(b), type(c)

print 2 ** 300
print type(2 ** 100)

a = 2
print a ** 3 / 4
print a ** 3.0 / 4
print a ** 3 / 4.0

print int()
print float()
print float(3)
print int(12.7)

print 'Hello world!'
print 'Hello world!' == "Hello world!"
a = None
print a

print [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
print range(10)
a = [123, 12.0, None, [1, [], []], 'qwerty']
print a[0], a[2]
print [[0, 1, 0], [1, 2, 1], [0, 1, 0]][1][1]

a = range(10)
print a
print a[0:5] # elements from 0 to 4
print a[:5] # elements from begin to 4
print a[:] # elements from begin to end
print a[2:8:3] # every third element from 2 to 7 
print a[-1] # last element
print a[::-1] # reverse list

a = range(10, 0, -1)
print a
b = sorted(a)
print a, b
b.sort(reverse=True)
print a, b

name = 'Kolya'
if name == 'Petya':
    print 'Romov', name
elif name == 'Sasha':
    print 'Fonarev', name
elif name == 'Vasya':
    print 'Pupkin', name
else:
    print 'Unknown man'

data = [19, 2, 4, 6, 7, 3]
element_to_find = 10
i = 0
while i < len(data):
    if data[i] == element_to_find:
        print "Found!"
        break
    i += 1
else:
    print "Not found!"

data = [19, 2, 4, 6, 7, 3]
element_to_find = 10
for i in range(len(data)):
    if data[i] == element_to_find:
        print "Found!"
        break
else:
    print "Not found!"

data = [19, 2, 4, 6, 7, 3]
element_to_find = 10
for element in data:
    if element == element_to_find:
        print "Found!"
        break
else:
    print "Not found!"

data = [19, 2, 4, 6, 7, 3]
element_to_find = 10
if element_to_find in data:
    print "Found!"
else:
    print "Not found!"

s = 'Machine leerning is cool'
s[10] = 'a'

s = 'Machine leerning is cool'
s = s[:10] + 'a' + s[11:]
print s

s = 'Machine learning is cool'
splitted = s.split(' ') 
print splitted
print '_'.join(splitted)

first = ('Masha', 24)
first[0] = 'Nastya'

first = ('Masha', 24)
second = ('Vasya', 30)
third = ('Kolya', 20)
data = [first, second, third]
print data

for name, age in data:
    print name + ' is ' + str(age) + ' years old'

print hash(1543)
print hash(-15.43)
print hash('Kolya')
print hash(('Masha', 24))

hash(['Masha', 24])

print {1, 2, 2, 1, 3}

print {1, 2, 3, [5, 6]} 

print sorted(list(set([1, 2, 2, 2, 1, 4, 6, 4])))
print sorted(list(set(range(10)) & set(range(7, 20, 2))))

a = {None: 10, 'Masha': [1, 2, 3], (-1, 1): 0}
a['Masha'][1] = 10
print a

print {} == set()
print {} == dict()

import math
data = [round(math.sin(i) * 2) for i in range(100)]

counter = dict()
for element in data:
    if not element in counter:
        counter[element] = 1
    else:
        counter[element] += 1
        
print counter
print counter.keys()
print counter.values()
print counter.items()

print [i ** 2 for i in range(20)]
print [[] for i in range(3)]
print [s + ' is cool' for s in ['Yandex', 'Google', 'Yahoo'] if s[0] == 'Y']

from sys import stdin
from sys import stdout
for line in stdin:
    line = line.strip()
    print >> stdout, line + '!'

in_file = open('in_file.txt')
out_file = open('out_file.txt', 'w')

title = in_file.readline()
for line in in_file:
    cells = line.split(',')
    print >> out_file, '\t'.join([cells[1], cells[3]])

a = range(5)
b = a
b[3] = 100
print a, b
b = range(10)
print a, b

def get_degrees(n):
    return n ** 2, n ** 3
print get_degrees(12)
print (lambda n: (n ** 2, n ** 3))(12)

def change_list(a, flag=True):
    if flag:
        a[0] = 'qwerty'
        return
    a = [15, 43]
    
x = [1, 2, 3, 4]
y = [1, 2, 3, 4]
change_list(x)
change_list(y, False)
print x, y

def my_func(param1, param2='ML', param3=10):
    print param1, param2, param3
my_func(param2='Data Mining', param1=[0, 0])

class MyClass:
    def __init__(self, param):
        self.field = param

    def get_squared_param(self):
        return self.field ** 2

a = MyClass(10)
print a
print a.field
print a.get_squared_param()