Notebook

8. 도식화와 시각화¶

도표를 만들거나 다른 여러 가지 방식으로 시각화하는 작업은 데이터 분석에서 무척 중요한 일 중 하나
시각화는 특이값을 찾아내거나 데이터 변형이 필요한지 알아보거나 모델에 대한 아이디어를 찾기 위한 과정의 일부
d3.js 같은 툴킷을 사용해 데이터를 시각화하여 웹에 올리는 게 최종 목표일 수 있다.
파이썬은 다양한 시각화 도구를 구비하고 있지만 이 책에서는 matplotlib에 중점을 두고 설명
matplotlib은 주로 2D 도표를 위한 데스크톱 패키지로, 출판물 수준의 도표를 만들 수 있도록 설계
IPython과 matplotlib을 통합
IPython에서 GUI 툴킷과 함께 matplotlib을 사용하면 도표의 확대와 회전 같은 인터렉티브한 기능 사용
또한 모든 운영체제의 다양한 GUI 백엔드를 지원
PDF, SVG, JPG, PNG, GMP, GIF 등 일반적으로 널리 사요오디는 벡터 포맷과 래스터 포맷으로 도표를 저장할 수 있다.
이 책에서뿐만 아니라 다른 곳에서도 대부분 matplotlib 을 이용해서 다이어그램을 만들고 있다.
matplotlib은 3D 도식을 위한 matplot3d 및 지도와 투영을 위한 basemap 같은 다양한 확장툴킷이 있는데, 이 장의 끝부분에서 .shp(shapefile)을 읽어 지도 위에 도식을 그리는 예제 소개 예정
이 장에서 나오는 예제 코드를 돌려보려면 IPython은 pylab 모드(ipython --pylab)로 실행하거나 %gui 매직을 이용해서 GUI 이벤트 루프 통합 기능을 반드시 켜야 한다.

8.1 matplotlib API 간략하게 살펴보기¶

ipython --pylab 명령으로, IPython을 pylab 모드로 실행
이렇게 실행시키면 IPython은 사용자의 선택에 따라 Tk, wxPython, PyQt, Mac OS X 네이티브, GTK 등과 같은 다양한 GUI 백엔드를 지원할 수 있게 된다.
보통의 사용자라면 기본 벡엔드로 충분
pylab 모드는 IPython에서 MATLAB 스러운 인터페이스 제공할 수 있도록 필요한 여러가지 모듈 및 함수와 함께 제공

In [28]:

plot(np.arange(10))

Out[28]:

[<matplotlib.lines.Line2D at 0x1091663d0>]

IPython이 pylab 모드로 제대로 실행이 되었다면 선 그래프가 그려질 것이다.
만약 제대로 나타나지 않는 분은 Canopy를 설치하시라. 초보는 그냥 Canopy 하나만 설치하면 된다. 나중에는 다른 좀 더 좋은 방법이 있겠지만 초보때는 라이브러리 실험해보고 테스트 해볼 수 있는 환경 구성이 매우 중요하다! 안 그럼 여기에서 그냥 짜증나서 책을 내팽겨치게 되니까!
plot, close 같은 matplotlib API 함수는 matplotlib.pyplot 모듈에 포함

In [4]:

# pyplot import convention
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import pandas as pd
from pandas import DataFrame, Series

나중에 pandas로 그래프를 그리는 방법과 그래프가 만들어지는 세부 사항에 관한 재미없는 내용을 다르게 됨
함수에서 제공하는 옵션만 사용하는 데 만족하지 않고 그 이상의 최적화를 원한다면 matplotlib APi에 대해서도 어느 정도 알고 있어야 됨
이 책에서는 예시를 통해 matplotlib의 간단한 사용법만 알려줌. 심도 깊은 내용은 구글링!
matplotlib 갤러리와 문서에 있는 내용을 참고하면 고급 기능을 사용하고 그래프를 작성하는 데 고수가 될 수 있는 길잡이 역할 충분

8.1.1 Figure와 서브플롯¶

matplotlib에서 그래프는 Figure 객체 내에 존재
그래프를 위한 새로운 Figure는 plt.figure를 사용해서 생성 가능

In [3]:

fig = plt.figure()

<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x10884eb50>

plt.figure에는 다양한 옵션
figsize: 그래프가 디스크에 저장될 경우의 크기나 가로-세로 비율 정함
matplotlib에서 Figure 객체는 MATLAB처럼 숫자를 받는다(plt.figure(2)같은)
현재 활성화된 Figure에 대한 참조는 plt.gcf() 함수를 통해 얻을 수 있다.
빈 Figure 객체로는 그래프를 만들 수 없으므로 add_subplot을 사용해 최소한 하나 이상의 서브플롯을 생성해야 한다.

In [6]:

ax1 = fig.add_subplot(2, 2, 1)

객체 크기가 2 * 2이고, 4개의 서브플롯 중에서 첫번째 선택(서브플롯은 1부터 숫자가 매겨짐)

In [7]:

ax2 = fig.add_subplot(2, 2, 2)

In [8]:

ax3 = fig.add_subplot(2, 2, 3)

plt.plot([1.5, 3.5, -2, 1.6]) 명령으로 그래프를 나타내면 matplotlib은 가장 최근의 Figure 객체와 그 서브플롯을 그린다.
서브플롯이 없다면 서브플롯 하나를 생성한다.
이렇게 해서 Figure와 서브플롯이 생성되는 과정을 숨겨준다.

In [15]:

from numpy.random import randn

In [16]:

# k 옵션은 검은 점선을 그리기 위한 스타일 옵션(black)
plt.plot(randn(50).cumsum(), 'k--')

Out[16]:

[<matplotlib.lines.Line2D at 0x108b78150>]

IPython Notebook에서는 제대로 표시가 되지 않아 ipython console 에서 작업중¶

ipython --pylab 으로 실행 시키면
PyQt나 PySlide를 설치하라고 한다. 이걸 설치해야 console에서 그래프를 그려보고 테스트 할 수 있다.

PyQt, PySide 설치방법(Mac 기준)¶

pip install PyQt
pip install -U PySide

fig.add_subplot에서 반환되는 객체는 AxesSubplot 객체
각각의 인스턴스 메서드를 호출해서 다른 빈 서브플롯에 직접 그래프를 그릴 수 있다.

In [21]:

_ = ax1.hist(randn(100), bins=20, color='k', alpha=0.3)

In [22]:

ax2.scatter(np.arange(30), np.arange(30) + 3 * randn(30))

Out[22]:

<matplotlib.collections.PathCollection at 0x108b5f6d0>

In [23]:

ax1

Out[23]:

<matplotlib.axes._subplots.AxesSubplot at 0x10884bb10>

In [24]:

ax2

Out[24]:

<matplotlib.axes._subplots.AxesSubplot at 0x10841cd90>

In [25]:

ax3

Out[25]:

<matplotlib.axes._subplots.AxesSubplot at 0x108b15450>

도식을 추가한 Figure¶

특정한 배치에 맞추어 여러 개의 서브플롯을 포함하는 Figure를 생성하는 일은 흔히 접하게 되는 업무
plt.subplots 라는 편리한 메서드
NumPy 배열과 서브플롯 객체를 새로 생성하여 반환

In [33]:

fig, axes = plt.subplots(2, 3)

In [34]:

axes

Out[34]:

array([[<matplotlib.axes._subplots.AxesSubplot object at 0x1090df410>,
        <matplotlib.axes._subplots.AxesSubplot object at 0x1090d4290>,
        <matplotlib.axes._subplots.AxesSubplot object at 0x108bb5a50>],
       [<matplotlib.axes._subplots.AxesSubplot object at 0x1090cdd10>,
        <matplotlib.axes._subplots.AxesSubplot object at 0x1093c8bd0>,
        <matplotlib.axes._subplots.AxesSubplot object at 0x1093e0a90>]], dtype=object)

axes 배열은 axes[0, 1]처럼 2차원 배열로 쉽게 색인
서브플롯이 같은 X 혹은 Y 축을 가져야 한다면 각각 sharex와 sharey를 사용해서 지정
같은 범위 내에서 데이터를 비교해야 할 경우 특히 유용
그렇지 않으면 matplotlib은 각 그래프의 범위를 독립적으로 조정

pyplot.subplots 옵션¶

인자	설명
nrows	서브플롯의 로우 수
ncols	서브플롯의 칼럼 수
sharex	모든 서브플롯이 같은 x축 눈금을 사용하도록 한다(xlim 값을 조절하면 모든 서브플롯에 적용된다).
sharey	모든 서브플롯이 같은 y축 눈금을 사용하도록 한다(ylim 값을 조절하면 모든 서브플롯에 적용된다).
subplot_kw	add_subplot()을 사용해 각 서브플롯을 생성할 때 사용할 키워드를 담고 있는 사전
**fig_kw	Figure를 생성할 때 사용할 추가적인 키워드 인자 예) plt.subplots(2, 2, figsize=(8, 6))

8.1.2 색상, 마커, 선 스타일¶

가장 중요한 plot 함수: X와 Y 좌표 값이 담긴 배열과 추가적으로 색상과 선 스타일을 나타내는 축약 문자열을 인자로 받는다.
녹색 점선으로 그려진 x 대 y 그래프는 다음처럼

ax.plot(x, y, 'g--')

문자열로 색상과 선 스타일을 지정하는 편의를 위해 제공
실무에서 프로그램을 사용해 그래프를 생성한다면 그래프를 원하는 형식으로 생성하기 위해 문자열을 지저분하게 섞어 쓰고 싶지 않을 것
명시적인 방법

ax.plot(x, y, linestyle='--', color='g')

흔히 사용되는 색상을 위해 몇 가지 색상 문자열 존재
RGB 값(#CECECE)을 직접 지정
선 스타일에 대한 전체 목록은 plot 메서드의 도움말 참고
특정 지점의 실제 데이터를 돋보이게 하기 위해 마커 추가 가능
마커도 스타일 문자열에 포함 가능, 색상 마커 다음에 마커 스타일이 오고 그 뒤에 선 스타일 지정

In [36]:

plt.plot(randn(30).cumsum(), 'ko--')

Out[36]:

[<matplotlib.lines.Line2D at 0x1091ab910>]

In [66]:

# 명시적 방법
plot(randn(30).cumsum(), color='k', linestyle='dashed', marker='o')

Out[66]:

[<matplotlib.lines.Line2D at 0x10c374690>]

plt.plot 함수 연습¶

In [37]:

plt.plot?

================    ===============================
character           description
================    ===============================
``'-'``             solid line style
``'--'``            dashed line style
``'-.'``            dash-dot line style
``':'``             dotted line style
``'.'``             point marker
``','``             pixel marker
``'o'``             circle marker
``'v'``             triangle_down marker
``'^'``             triangle_up marker
``'<'``             triangle_left marker
``'>'``             triangle_right marker
``'1'``             tri_down marker
``'2'``             tri_up marker
``'3'``             tri_left marker
``'4'``             tri_right marker
``'s'``             square marker
``'p'``             pentagon marker
``'*'``             star marker
``'h'``             hexagon1 marker
``'H'``             hexagon2 marker
``'+'``             plus marker
``'x'``             x marker
``'D'``             diamond marker
``'d'``             thin_diamond marker
``'|'``             vline marker
``'_'``             hline marker
================    ===============================


The following color abbreviations are supported:

==========  ========
character   color
==========  ========
'b'         blue
'g'         green
'r'         red
'c'         cyan
'm'         magenta
'y'         yellow
'k'         black
'w'         white
==========  ========

In [38]:

plt.plot(randn(30).cumsum(), 'kv--')

Out[38]:

[<matplotlib.lines.Line2D at 0x1095b22d0>]

In [39]:

plt.plot(randn(30).cumsum(), 'k.--')

Out[39]:

[<matplotlib.lines.Line2D at 0x109a0abd0>]

In [40]:

plt.plot(randn(30).cumsum(), 'k,--')

Out[40]:

[<matplotlib.lines.Line2D at 0x109a3b4d0>]

In [41]:

plt.plot(randn(30).cumsum(), 'k^--')

Out[41]:

[<matplotlib.lines.Line2D at 0x109d855d0>]

In [42]:

plt.plot(randn(30).cumsum(), 'k<--')

Out[42]:

[<matplotlib.lines.Line2D at 0x10a01de50>]

In [43]:

plt.plot(randn(30).cumsum(), 'k>--')

Out[43]:

[<matplotlib.lines.Line2D at 0x10a210190>]

In [44]:

plt.plot(randn(30).cumsum(), 'k1--')

Out[44]:

[<matplotlib.lines.Line2D at 0x10a29e090>]

In [45]:

plt.plot(randn(30).cumsum(), 'k2--')

Out[45]:

[<matplotlib.lines.Line2D at 0x10a2c8c10>]

In [46]:

plt.plot(randn(30).cumsum(), 'k3--')

Out[46]:

[<matplotlib.lines.Line2D at 0x10a477cd0>]

In [47]:

plt.plot(randn(30).cumsum(), 'k4--')

Out[47]:

[<matplotlib.lines.Line2D at 0x10a561dd0>]

In [48]:

plt.plot(randn(30).cumsum(), 'ks--')

Out[48]:

[<matplotlib.lines.Line2D at 0x10a58fed0>]

In [49]:

plt.plot(randn(30).cumsum(), 'kp--')

Out[49]:

[<matplotlib.lines.Line2D at 0x10a61e7d0>]

In [50]:

plt.plot(randn(30).cumsum(), 'kH--')

Out[50]:

[<matplotlib.lines.Line2D at 0x10a6ae110>]

In [51]:

plt.plot(randn(30).cumsum(), 'k*--')

Out[51]:

[<matplotlib.lines.Line2D at 0x10a8c8250>]

In [52]:

plt.plot(randn(30).cumsum(), 'k+--')

Out[52]:

[<matplotlib.lines.Line2D at 0x10a8f8b50>]

In [53]:

plt.plot(randn(30).cumsum(), 'kx--')

Out[53]:

[<matplotlib.lines.Line2D at 0x10ac8a450>]

In [54]:

plt.plot(randn(30).cumsum(), 'kD--')

Out[54]:

[<matplotlib.lines.Line2D at 0x10af1b550>]

In [55]:

plt.plot(randn(30).cumsum(), 'kd--')

Out[55]:

[<matplotlib.lines.Line2D at 0x10b20cdd0>]

In [56]:

plt.plot(randn(30).cumsum(), 'k|--')

Out[56]:

[<matplotlib.lines.Line2D at 0x10b23e6d0>]

In [57]:

plt.plot(randn(30).cumsum(), 'k_--')

Out[57]:

[<matplotlib.lines.Line2D at 0x10b2cdf50>]

In [58]:

plt.plot(randn(30).cumsum(), 'ko--')

Out[58]:

[<matplotlib.lines.Line2D at 0x10b582810>]

In [59]:

plt.plot(randn(30).cumsum(), 'ko-')

Out[59]:

[<matplotlib.lines.Line2D at 0x10b777110>]

In [63]:

plt.plot(randn(30).cumsum(), 'ko:')

Out[63]:

[<matplotlib.lines.Line2D at 0x10c3dcb10>]

선 그래프를 보면 일정한 간격으로 연속된 지점이 연결
drawstyle 옵션을 이용해서 변경

In [84]:

fig = plt.figure()

<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x10d3eaa10>

In [85]:

data = randn(30).cumsum()

In [86]:

plt.plot(data, 'k--', label='Default')

Out[86]:

[<matplotlib.lines.Line2D at 0x10d572d90>]

In [87]:

plt.plot(data, 'k-', drawstyle='steps-post', label='steps-post')

Out[87]:

[<matplotlib.lines.Line2D at 0x10d713850>]

In [88]:

plt.legend(loc='best')

plt.plot 연습¶

In [70]:

plt.plot(data, 'k--', drawstyle='steps-post', label='steps-post')

Out[70]:

[<matplotlib.lines.Line2D at 0x10c613150>]

In [72]:

plt.plot(data, 'k--', drawstyle='steps-post')

Out[72]:

[<matplotlib.lines.Line2D at 0x10c9ebd10>]

In [73]:

plt.plot(data, 'k--', label='steps-post')

Out[73]:

[<matplotlib.lines.Line2D at 0x10ccdae10>]

8.1.3 눈금, 라벨, 범례¶

그래프를 꾸미는 방법¶

pyplot 인터페이스를 사용해서 순차적으로 꾸미던가(MATLAB 사용자에게 친숙)
matplotlib이 제공하는 API를 사용해서 좀 더 객체지향적인 방법으로 꾸미는 방법

pyplot 인터페이스는 인터랙티브 사용에 맞추어 설계
xlim, xticks, xticklabels 같은 메서드
표의 범위를 지정, 눈금의 위치, 눈금의 이름을 각각 조절
아무런 인자도 없이 호출하면 현재 설정되어 있는 매개변수의 값 반환. plt.xlim() 메서드는 현재 X축의 범위를 반환
인자를 전달하면 매개변수의 값 설정. 그래서 plt.xlim([0, 10])을 호출하면 X축의 범위가 0부터 10까지로 설정
이 모든 메서드는 현재 활성화된, 혹은 가장 최근에 생성된 AxesSubplot 객채에 대해 동작
앞서 소개한 모든 메서드는 서브플롯 객체의 set/get 메서드로도 존재
xlim이라면 ax.get_xlim과 ax.set_xlim 메서드가 존재
명시적인 것 선호하기 때문에 특히 여러 개의 서브플롯을 다룰 때는 서브플롯 인스턴스 메서드 사용한다. 하지만 독자들은 각자에게 편리한 메서드를 사용해도 상관없다.

제목, 축 이름, 눈금, 눈금 이름 설정하기¶

In [94]:

fig = plt.figure(); ax = fig.add_subplot(1, 1, 1)

In [95]:

ax.plot(randn(1000).cumsum())

Out[95]:

[<matplotlib.lines.Line2D at 0x10e0a4490>]

In [107]:

ticks = ax.set_xticks([0, 250, 500, 750, 1000])

In [108]:

labels = ax.set_xticklabels(['one', 'two', 'three', 'four', 'five'],
                            rotation=30, fontsize='small')

In [109]:

ax.set_title('My first matplotlib plot')

Out[109]:

<matplotlib.text.Text at 0x10c38fbd0>

In [110]:

ax.set_xlabel('Stages')

Out[110]:

<matplotlib.text.Text at 0x10c36e950>

범례 추가하기¶

범례는 그래프의 요소를 확인하기 위해 중요한 요소

In [102]:

fig = plt.figure(); ax = fig.add_subplot(1, 1, 1)

In [103]:

ax.plot(randn(1000).cumsum(), 'k', label='one')

Out[103]:

[<matplotlib.lines.Line2D at 0x10c36e590>]

In [104]:

ax.plot(randn(1000).cumsum(), 'k--', label='two')

Out[104]:

[<matplotlib.lines.Line2D at 0x10c39be10>]

In [105]:

ax.plot(randn(1000).cumsum(), 'k.', label='three')

Out[105]:

[<matplotlib.lines.Line2D at 0x10c398490>]

In [106]:

# 그냥은 안 보이고 pan zoom을 건드리니 보이네
ax.legend(loc='best')

Out[106]:

<matplotlib.legend.Legend at 0x10b2aecd0>

In [118]:

# 깨달았다.
# 한 칸에 모두 넣어야 plot을 보여주는구나.

fig = plt.figure(); ax = fig.add_subplot(1, 1, 1)

ax.plot(randn(1000).cumsum(), 'k', label='one')
ax.plot(randn(1000).cumsum(), 'k--', label='two')
ax.plot(randn(1000).cumsum(), 'k.', label='three')

ax.legend(loc='best')

Out[118]:

<matplotlib.legend.Legend at 0x110793690>

loc(location) 인자는 범례를 그래프에서 어디에 위치시킬지 지정해주는 인자
최대한 방해가 되지 않는 곳에 두는 'best' 옵션만으로도 충분
범례에서 제외하고 싶은 요소가 있다면 label 인자를 넘기지 않거나 label='nolegend' 옵션 사용

그림들은 IPython Notebook에서 생성 안되서 IPython console에서 진행하여 그림만 붙여넣는중 -> 한 칸에 소스를 모두 넣어야 됨¶

8.1.4 주석과 그림 추가¶

일반적인 도표에 추가적으로 글자나 화살표 혹은 다른 도형으로 자기만의 주석을 그리고 싶을 때
주석과 글자는 text, arrow, annotate 함수를 사용해서 추가
text 함수는 도표 내의 주어진 좌표(x, y)에 부가적인 스타일의 글자를 그려준다.

ax.text(x, y, 'Hello world!', family='monospace', fontsize=10)

주석은 글자와 화살표를 함께 써서 그릴 수 있는데
야후! 파이낸스에서 얻은 2007년부터 S&P 500 지수 데이터로 그래프를 생성
2008~2009년 사이에 있었던 재정위기 중 중요한 날짜를 주석으로 추가

In [120]:

!head ch08/spx.csv

,SPX
1990-02-01 00:00:00,328.79
1990-02-02 00:00:00,330.92
1990-02-05 00:00:00,331.85
1990-02-06 00:00:00,329.66
1990-02-07 00:00:00,333.75
1990-02-08 00:00:00,332.96
1990-02-09 00:00:00,333.62
1990-02-12 00:00:00,330.08
1990-02-13 00:00:00,331.02

In [116]:

from datetime import datetime

fig = plt.figure()
ax = fig.add_subplot(1, 1, 1)

data = pd.read_csv('ch08/spx.csv', index_col=0, parse_dates=True)
spx = data['SPX']


spx.plot(ax=ax, style='k-')

crisis_data = [
               (datetime(2007, 10, 11), 'Peak of bull market'),
               (datetime(2008, 3, 12), 'Bear Stearns Fails'),
               (datetime(2008, 9, 15), 'Lehman Bankruptcy')
               ]

for date, label in crisis_data:
    ax.annotate(label, xy=(date, spx.asof(date) + 50),
                xytext=(date, spx.asof(date) + 200),
                arrowprops=dict(facecolor='black'),
                horizontalalignment='left',
                verticalalignment='top')
    
# 2007-2010 구간을 확대
ax.set_xlim(['1/1/2007', '1/1/2011'])
ax.set_ylim([600, 1800])

ax.set_title('Important dates in 2008-2009 financial crisis')

Out[116]:

<matplotlib.text.Text at 0x111314450>

온라인에서 matplotlib 갤러리 를 둘러보면 배울만한 여러가지 주석 예제를 확인 가능
도형을 그리려면 좀 더 신경
matplotlib은 일반적인 도형을 표현하는 patches 객체를 제공하는데, 이 중에 Rectangle과 Circle 등은 matplotlib.pyplot에서도 찾을 수 있지만 전체 모음은 matplotlib.patches에 있다.
도표에 도형을 추가하려면 patches 객체인 shp를 만들어서 서브플롯에 ax.add_patch(shp)를 호출하여 추가

In [121]:

fig = plt.figure()
ax = fig.add_subplot(1, 1, 1)

rect = plt.Rectangle((0.2, 0.75), 0.4, 0.15, color='k', alpha=0.3)
circ = plt.Circle((0.7, 0.2), 0.15, color='b', alpha=0.3)
pgon = plt.Polygon([[0.15, 0.15], [0.35, 0.4], [0.2, 0.6]],
                   color='g', alpha=0.5)

ax.add_patch(rect)
ax.add_patch(circ)
ax.add_patch(pgon)

Out[121]:

<matplotlib.patches.Polygon at 0x101ea3110>

8.1.5 그래프를 파일로 저장¶

활성화된 Figure는 plt.savefig 메서드를 이용해서 파일로 저장
Figure 객체의 인스턴스 메서드인 savefig와 동일
Figure를 SVG 포맷으로 저장하려면 다음처럼 하면 된다.

In [127]:

# plt.savefig
fig.savefig('ch08/figpath.svg')

파일의 종류는 확장자를 통해 결정
.svg 대신 .pdf를 입력했다면 PDF 파일을 얻을 수 있다.
출판용 그래픽 파일을 생성할 때 내가 자주 사용하는 몇 가지 중요한 옵션이 있는데, 바로 dpi와 bbox_inches다.
dpi: 인치당 도트 해상도를 조절
bbox_inches: 실제 Figure 둘레의 공백을 잘라낸다.
그래프 간 최소 공백을 가지는 400 DPI 짜리 PNG 파일을 만들려면 다음처럼 입력

In [128]:

fig.savefig('ch08/figpath.png', dpi=400, bbox_inches='tight')

In [129]:

fig.savefig('ch08/figpath_nobbox.png', dpi=400)

savefig 메서드로 파일에 저장할 수 있을 뿐 아니라 StringIO 같은 파일과 유사한 객체에도 저장 가능
이 기능은 웹을 통해 동적으로 생성된 이미지를 보여주고자 할 때 유용

from io import StringIO buffer = StringIO() plt.savefig(buffer) plot_data = buffer.getvalue()

Figure.savefig 옵션¶

인자	설명
fname	파일 경로나 파이썬의 파일과 유사한 객체를 나타내는 문자열. 저장되는 포맷은 파일 확장자를 통해 결정된다. 예) .pdf는 PDF포맷. .png는 PNG포맷
dpi	Figure의 해상도 dpi. 기본값은 100이며 설정이 가능
facecolor, edge color	서브플롯 바깥 배경 색상. 기본값은 w(흰색)
format	명시적인 파일 포맷('png', 'pdf', 'svg', 'ps', 'eps', ...)
bbox_inches	Figure에서 저장할 부분. 만약에 'tight'라고 지정하면 Figure 둘레의 비어있는 공간을 모두 제거하게 된다.

8.1.6 matplotlib 설정¶

matplotlib은 출판물용 도표를 만드는데 손색이 없는 기본 설정과 색상 스키마를 함께 제공
거의 모든 기본 동작은 전역 인자를 통해 설정 가능
도표 크기, 서브플롯 간격, 색상, 글자 크기, 격자 스타일 같은 것들의 설정 가능
matplotlib의 환경 설정 시스템은 2가지 방법으로 다룸
첫 번째는 rc 메서드를 사용해서 프로그래밍적으로 설정하는 방법
예를 들어 Figure의 크기를 10*10으로 전역 설정해두고 싶다면 다음 코드 실행

plt.rc('figure', figsize=(10, 10))

rc 메서드의 첫번째 인자는 설정하고자 하는 'figure', 'axes', 'xtick', 'ytick', 'grid', 'legend' 및 다른 컴포넌트의 이름
그 다음으로 설정할 값에 대한 키워드 인자를 넘김
이 옵션을 쉽게 작성하는 방법으로는 파이썬의 사전 타입을 사용하는 방법

font_options = {'family': 'monospace', 'weight' : 'bold', 'size': 'small'} plt.rc('font', **font_options)

더 많은 설정과 옵션의 종류는 matplotlib/mpl-data 디렉토리 안의 matplotlibrc 파일에 저장
만약 이 파일을 적절히 수정해서 사용자 홈 디렉토리에 .matplotlibrc라는 이름으로 저장해두면 matplotlib을 사용할 때마다 불러오기 가능

8.2 pandas에서 그래프 그리기¶

데이터를 보여줄 다양한 형태(선 그래프, 막대 그래프, 봉 차트, 분포도, 등고선 등)와 범례, 제목, 눈금 이름 같은 주석을 조합해서 그래프를 만들어야 한다.
대부분의 데이터는 여러가지 객체로 표현되기 때문에 하나의 온전한 그래프를 그리기 위해서는 기본 컴포넌트를 조합해야 할 필요
pandas에는 로우 이름, 칼럼 이름 그리고 가능한 경우에는 그룹 정보도 담고 있는데, 이 말은 pandas를 이용하면 다양한 종류의 온전한 그래프를 그리기 위해 필요한 많은 양의 matplotlib 코드를 한 두줄의 간단한 문장으로 표현할 수 있다는 말
이런 이점을 활용해서 pandas를 통해 일반적인 시각화를 위한 도표를 작성할 수 있는 메서드가 늘어나고 있다.
이 책을 집필하는 현재 pandas의 그래프 기능과 관련한 많은 작업이 진행중
한 학생이 2012년 Google Summer of Code 프로그램 기간 동안 기능을 추가하고 좀 더 일관되며 사용성이 좋은 인터페이스를 만들기 위해 전일제로 기여
이 코드는 이 책에 나오는 pandas의 다른 코드보다 좀 더 빨리 변경될 가능성이 있음
이와 관련된 정보는 pandas 온라인 문서에 가장 먼저 소개될 것

8.2.1 선 그래프¶

Series와 DataFrame은 둘 다 plot 이라는 메서드를 통해 다양한 형태의 그래프를 생성 가능
기본적으로 plot 메서드는 선 그래프를 생성

In [140]:

# cumsum 메소드로 인해 값이 누적된다.
s = Series(np.random.randn(10).cumsum(), index=np.arange(0, 100, 10))

In [146]:

Out[146]:

0    -2.708173
10   -3.895062
20   -4.811704
30   -5.833185
40   -6.410537
50   -6.892797
60   -6.227022
70   -6.312690
80   -7.326234
90   -7.574805
dtype: float64

In [141]:

s.plot()

Out[141]:

<matplotlib.axes._subplots.AxesSubplot at 0x111539210>

In [137]:

np.random.randn(10)

Out[137]:

array([ 1.20804795, -0.90984808, -0.69856343,  0.39272464,  1.24373109,
       -0.7912721 , -0.2316993 , -0.92572915, -0.73842767,  0.49156197])

In [138]:

np.random.randn(10).cumsum()

Out[138]:

array([ 1.26594266, -0.34618806, -0.22816919, -0.03327351,  1.14628817,
       -0.14389082,  1.29059151,  0.43407162,  0.61595324,  0.33726086])

In [142]:

s2 = Series(np.random.randn(10), index=np.arange(0, 100, 10))

In [145]:

s2

Out[145]:

0     1.852827
10    1.911911
20    0.525911
30    0.051685
40   -0.164685
50    0.004360
60   -0.614278
70   -0.748000
80    0.189764
90   -0.861933
dtype: float64

In [144]:

s2.plot()

Out[144]:

<matplotlib.axes._subplots.AxesSubplot at 0x100769690>

Series 객체의 색인은 matplotlib에서 그래프를 생성할 때 X축으로 해석되며 use_index = False 옵션을 넘겨서 색인을 그래프의 축으로 사용하는 것을 막을 수 있다.
축의 눈금과 한계는 xticks 옵션과 xlim 옵션으로 조절 가능
Y축 역시 yticks, ylim 옵션으로 조절 가능
사용 가능한 plot 메서드의 옵션을 확인 가능
나머지는 독자의 몫으로 남겨두겠다ㅎㅎㅎ
대부분의 pandas 그래프 메서드는 ax 인자를 받는데, 이 인자는 matplotlib의 서브플롯 객체가 될 수 있다.
이를 통해 그리드 배열 상에서 서브플롯의 위치를 좀 더 유연하게 가져갈 수 있음
DataFrame의 plot 메서드는 하나의 서브플롯 안에 각 칼럼별로 선 그래프를 그리고, 자동적으로 범례를 생성

In [147]:

# index: x축으로 사용할 값: 0 부터 100까지인데 단위는 10
df = DataFrame(np.random.randn(10, 4).cumsum(0),
               columns = ['A', 'B', 'C', 'D'],
               index = np.arange(0, 100, 10))

In [148]:

df.plot()

Out[148]:

<matplotlib.axes._subplots.AxesSubplot at 0x111567450>

plot에 넘길 수 있는 다른 키워드 인자는 각각 같은 이름으로 대응되는 matplotlib의 함수로 전달된다.
그래서 matplotlib API에 대해서 공부하면 나중에는 이 그래프를 좀 더 여러분의 입맛에 맞는 모양으로 꾸미기 가능

Series.plot 메서드 인자¶

인자	설명
label	그래프의 범례 이름
ax	그래프를 그릴 matplotlib의 서브플롯 객체. 만약에 아무것도 넘어오지 않으면 현재 활성화되어 있는 matplotlib의 서브플롯을 사용한다.
style	matplotlib에 전달할 'ko--' 같은 스타일의 문자열
alpha	그래프 투명도(0부터 1까지)
kind	그래프 종류. 'line', 'bar', 'barh', 'kde'
logy	Y축에 대한 로그 스케일링
use_index	객체의 색인을 눈금 이름으로 사용할지의 여부
rot	눈금 이름을 로테이션(0부터 360까지)
xticks	X축으로 사용할 값
yticks	Y축으로 사용할 값
xlim	X축 한계
ylim	Y축 한계
grid	축의 그리드를 표시할지의 여부(기본값은 켜기)

In [149]:

df.plot?

Type:        instancemethod
String form:
<bound method DataFrame.plot_frame of            A         B         C         D
           0   0.305813  0. <...>  -0.733882
           80  1.266628  3.101826 -0.935918 -0.514306
           90  0.641015  4.017795  1.266435  0.381728>
File:        /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/pandas-0.12.0_307_g3a2fe0b-py2.7-macosx-10.8-intel.egg/pandas/tools/plotting.py
Definition:  df.plot(frame=None, x=None, y=None, subplots=False, sharex=True, sharey=False, use_index=True, figsize=None, grid=None, legend=True, rot=None, ax=None, style=None, title=None, xlim=None, ylim=None, logx=False, logy=False, xticks=None, yticks=None, kind='line', sort_columns=False, fontsize=None, secondary_y=False, **kwds)
Docstring:
Make line or bar plot of DataFrame's series with the index on the x-axis
using matplotlib / pylab.

Parameters
----------
frame : DataFrame
x : label or position, default None
y : label or position, default None
    Allows plotting of one column versus another
subplots : boolean, default False
    Make separate subplots for each time series
sharex : boolean, default True
    In case subplots=True, share x axis
sharey : boolean, default False
    In case subplots=True, share y axis
use_index : boolean, default True
    Use index as ticks for x axis
stacked : boolean, default False
    If True, create stacked bar plot. Only valid for DataFrame input
sort_columns: boolean, default False
    Sort column names to determine plot ordering
title : string
    Title to use for the plot
grid : boolean, default None (matlab style default)
    Axis grid lines
legend : boolean, default True
    Place legend on axis subplots

ax : matplotlib axis object, default None
style : list or dict
    matplotlib line style per column
kind : {'line', 'bar', 'barh', 'kde', 'density'}
    bar : vertical bar plot
    barh : horizontal bar plot
    kde/density : Kernel Density Estimation plot
logx : boolean, default False
    For line plots, use log scaling on x axis
logy : boolean, default False
    For line plots, use log scaling on y axis
xticks : sequence
    Values to use for the xticks
yticks : sequence
    Values to use for the yticks
xlim : 2-tuple/list
ylim : 2-tuple/list
rot : int, default None
    Rotation for ticks
secondary_y : boolean or sequence, default False
    Whether to plot on the secondary y-axis
    If a list/tuple, which columns to plot on secondary y-axis
mark_right: boolean, default True
    When using a secondary_y axis, should the legend label the axis of
    the various columns automatically
colormap : str or matplotlib colormap object, default None
    Colormap to select colors from. If string, load colormap with that name
    from matplotlib.
kwds : keywords
    Options to pass to matplotlib plotting method

Returns
-------
ax_or_axes : matplotlib.AxesSubplot or list of them

DataFrame에는 칼럼을 쉽게 다루기 위해 몇 가지 옵션 제공
모든 칼럼을 같은 서브플롯에 그릴 것인지? 아니면 각각의 서브플롯을 따로 만들 것인지?

DataFrame에서만 사용하는 plot 옵션¶

인자	설명
subplots	각 DataFrame의 칼럼을 독립된 서브플롯에 그린다.
sharex	subplots=True면 같은 X축을 공유하고 눈금과 한계를 연결한다.
sharey	subplots=True면 같은 Y축을 공유한다.
figsize	생성될 그래프의 크기를 튜플로 지정한다.
title	그래프의 제목을 문자열로 지정한다.
legend	서브플롯의 범례를 추가한다. 기본값은 True
sort_columns	칼럼을 알파벳 순서로 그린다. 기본값은 존재하는 칼럼 순서다.

시계열 그래프는 10장을 참고하자

8.2.2 막대 그래프¶

선 그래프 대신 막대 그래프를 그리려면 그냥 kind='bar'(수직 막대) 옵션을 넘기거나 kind='barh'(수평 막대)를 넘기면 됨
barh: bar horizontality
이 경우 Series나 DataFrame의 색인은 X(bar) 눈금이나 Y(barh) 눈금으로 사용

In [156]:

fig, axes = plt.subplots(2, 1)
data = Series(np.random.randn(16), index=list('abcdefghijklmnop'))
data.plot(kind='bar', ax=axes[0], color='k', alpha=0.7)
data.plot(kind='barh', ax=axes[1], color='k', alpha=0.7)

Out[156]:

<matplotlib.axes._subplots.AxesSubplot at 0x113a58950>

plt.subplots 함수에 대한 자세한 내용과 matplotlib의 축과 그림에 대한 내용은 이 다음장에서 자세히 설명
DataFrame에서 막대 그래프는 각 로우의 값을 함께 묶어서 하나의 그룹마다 각각의 막대를 보여줌

In [160]:

df = DataFrame(np.random.rand(6, 4),
               index=['one', 'two', 'three', 'four', 'five', 'six'],
               columns=pd.Index(['A', 'B', 'C', 'D'], name='Genus'))

In [161]:

df

Out[161]:

Genus	A	B	C	D
one	0.156639	0.714753	0.793158	0.883230
two	0.859143	0.281589	0.394842	0.226950
three	0.083308	0.702602	0.377885	0.516319
four	0.489569	0.069673	0.953518	0.302130
five	0.296956	0.984021	0.938269	0.241004
six	0.263840	0.051877	0.824661	0.054635

In [162]:

df.plot(kind='bar')

Out[162]:

<matplotlib.axes._subplots.AxesSubplot at 0x114242650>

DataFrame의 칼럼인 'Genus'가 범례의 제목으로 사용됨

쌓인 막대 그래프는 stacked=True 옵션을 사용해서 생성할 수 있는데 각 로우의 값이 하나의 막대에 쌓여져 출력

In [1]:

help(np.random.rand)

Help on built-in function rand:

rand(...)
    rand(d0, d1, ..., dn)
    
    Random values in a given shape.
    
    Create an array of the given shape and propagate it with
    random samples from a uniform distribution
    over ``[0, 1)``.
    
    Parameters
    ----------
    d0, d1, ..., dn : int, optional
        The dimensions of the returned array, should all be positive.
        If no argument is given a single Python float is returned.
    
    Returns
    -------
    out : ndarray, shape ``(d0, d1, ..., dn)``
        Random values.
    
    See Also
    --------
    random
    
    Notes
    -----
    This is a convenience function. If you want an interface that
    takes a shape-tuple as the first argument, refer to
    np.random.random_sample .
    
    Examples
    --------
    >>> np.random.rand(3,2)
    array([[ 0.14022471,  0.96360618],  #random
           [ 0.37601032,  0.25528411],  #random
           [ 0.49313049,  0.94909878]]) #random

In [2]:

help(np.random.randn)

Help on built-in function randn:

randn(...)
    randn(d0, d1, ..., dn)
    
    Return a sample (or samples) from the "standard normal" distribution.
    
    If positive, int_like or int-convertible arguments are provided,
    `randn` generates an array of shape ``(d0, d1, ..., dn)``, filled
    with random floats sampled from a univariate "normal" (Gaussian)
    distribution of mean 0 and variance 1 (if any of the :math:`d_i` are
    floats, they are first converted to integers by truncation). A single
    float randomly sampled from the distribution is returned if no
    argument is provided.
    
    This is a convenience function.  If you want an interface that takes a
    tuple as the first argument, use `numpy.random.standard_normal` instead.
    
    Parameters
    ----------
    d0, d1, ..., dn : int, optional
        The dimensions of the returned array, should be all positive.
        If no argument is given a single Python float is returned.
    
    Returns
    -------
    Z : ndarray or float
        A ``(d0, d1, ..., dn)``-shaped array of floating-point samples from
        the standard normal distribution, or a single such float if
        no parameters were supplied.
    
    See Also
    --------
    random.standard_normal : Similar, but takes a tuple as its argument.
    
    Notes
    -----
    For random samples from :math:`N(\mu, \sigma^2)`, use:
    
    ``sigma * np.random.randn(...) + mu``
    
    Examples
    --------
    >>> np.random.randn()
    2.1923875335537315 #random
    
    Two-by-four array of samples from N(3, 6.25):
    
    >>> 2.5 * np.random.randn(2, 4) + 3
    array([[-4.49401501,  4.00950034, -1.81814867,  7.29718677],  #random
           [ 0.39924804,  4.68456316,  4.99394529,  4.84057254]]) #random

In [166]:

df2 = DataFrame(np.random.randn(6, 4),
               index=['one', 'two', 'three', 'four', 'five', 'six'],
               columns=pd.Index(['A', 'B', 'C', 'D'], name='Genus'))
df2.plot(kind='bar')

Out[166]:

<matplotlib.axes._subplots.AxesSubplot at 0x1145bb110>

In [167]:

df.plot(kind='barh', stacked=True, alpha=0.5)

Out[167]:

<matplotlib.axes._subplots.AxesSubplot at 0x11470ccd0>

막대 그래프를 이용한 유용한 레시피는 앞에서 살펴보았듯이 Series에서 값의 빈도를 value_counts: s.value_counts().plot(kind='bar')을 이용해서 시각화하는 것

이 책의 앞부분에서 살펴봤던 팁 데이터를 다시 살펴보자
이 데이터에서 요일별 파티 숫자를 뽑고 파티 숫자 대비 팁 비율을 보여주는 막대 그래프를 그려보자
read_csv 메서드를 사용해서 데이터를 불러오고 요일과 파티 숫자에 따라 교차 테이블 생성

In [168]:

tips = pd.read_csv('ch08/tips.csv')

In [176]:

tips.head()

Out[176]:

	total_bill	tip	sex	smoker	day	time	size
0	16.99	1.01	Female	No	Sun	Dinner	2
1	10.34	1.66	Male	No	Sun	Dinner	3
2	21.01	3.50	Male	No	Sun	Dinner	3
3	23.68	3.31	Male	No	Sun	Dinner	2
4	24.59	3.61	Female	No	Sun	Dinner	4

In [169]:

# 파티 요일과 파티 숫자의 crosstab
party_counts = pd.crosstab(tips.day, tips.size)

In [170]:

party_counts

Out[170]:

size	1	2	3	4	5	6
day
Fri	1	16	1	1	0	0
Sat	2	53	18	13	1	0
Sun	0	39	15	18	3	1
Thur	1	48	4	5	1	3

In [171]:

# Not many 1- and 6-person parties
# 1, 6번은 많지 않으므로 제외
party_counts = party_counts.ix[:, 2:5]

In [177]:

party_counts

Out[177]:

size	2	3	4	5
day
Fri	16	1	1	0
Sat	53	18	13	1
Sun	39	15	18	3
Thur	48	4	5	1

In [172]:

tips.day

Out[172]:

0     Sun
1     Sun
2     Sun
3     Sun
4     Sun
5     Sun
6     Sun
7     Sun
8     Sun
9     Sun
10    Sun
11    Sun
12    Sun
13    Sun
14    Sun
...
229     Sat
230     Sat
231     Sat
232     Sat
233     Sat
234     Sat
235     Sat
236     Sat
237     Sat
238     Sat
239     Sat
240     Sat
241     Sat
242     Sat
243    Thur
Name: day, Length: 244, dtype: object

In [173]:

tips.size

Out[173]:

0     2
1     3
2     3
3     2
4     4
5     4
6     2
7     4
8     2
9     2
10    2
11    4
12    2
13    4
14    2
...
229    2
230    4
231    3
232    2
233    2
234    2
235    2
236    2
237    2
238    3
239    3
240    2
241    2
242    2
243    2
Name: size, Length: 244, dtype: int64

In [6]:

help(pd.crosstab)

Help on function crosstab in module pandas.tools.pivot:

crosstab(rows, cols, values=None, rownames=None, colnames=None, aggfunc=None, margins=False, dropna=True)
    Compute a simple cross-tabulation of two (or more) factors. By default
    computes a frequency table of the factors unless an array of values and an
    aggregation function are passed
    
    Parameters
    ----------
    rows : array-like, Series, or list of arrays/Series
        Values to group by in the rows
    cols : array-like, Series, or list of arrays/Series
        Values to group by in the columns
    values : array-like, optional
        Array of values to aggregate according to the factors
    aggfunc : function, optional
        If no values array is passed, computes a frequency table
    rownames : sequence, default None
        If passed, must match number of row arrays passed
    colnames : sequence, default None
        If passed, must match number of column arrays passed
    margins : boolean, default False
        Add row/column margins (subtotals)
    dropna : boolean, default True
        Do not include columns whose entries are all NaN
    
    Notes
    -----
    Any Series passed will have their name attributes used unless row or column
    names for the cross-tabulation are specified
    
    Examples
    --------
    >>> a
    array([foo, foo, foo, foo, bar, bar,
           bar, bar, foo, foo, foo], dtype=object)
    >>> b
    array([one, one, one, two, one, one,
           one, two, two, two, one], dtype=object)
    >>> c
    array([dull, dull, shiny, dull, dull, shiny,
           shiny, dull, shiny, shiny, shiny], dtype=object)
    
    >>> crosstab(a, [b, c], rownames=['a'], colnames=['b', 'c'])
    b    one          two
    c    dull  shiny  dull  shiny
    a
    bar  1     2      1     0
    foo  2     2      1     2
    
    Returns
    -------
    crosstab : DataFrame

각 로우의 합이 1이 되도록 정규화(파이썬 2.7에서 정수 나눗셈 이슈를 피하기 위해 실수형으로 형 변환을 해야만 한다)

In [178]:

# 총합이 1이 되도록 정규화한다
party_pacts = party_counts.div(party_counts.sum(1).astype(float), axis=0)

In [183]:

party_counts.sum(1).astype(float)

Out[183]:

day
Fri     18
Sat     85
Sun     75
Thur    58
dtype: float64

In [185]:

# day = Fri, size = 2
16/18.0

Out[185]:

0.8888888888888888

In [179]:

party_pacts

Out[179]:

size	2	3	4	5
day
Fri	0.888889	0.055556	0.055556	0.000000
Sat	0.623529	0.211765	0.152941	0.011765
Sun	0.520000	0.200000	0.240000	0.040000
Thur	0.827586	0.068966	0.086207	0.017241

In [180]:

# 요일별 파티 규모
party_pacts.plot(kind='bar', stacked=True)

Out[180]:

<matplotlib.axes._subplots.AxesSubplot at 0x114a86fd0>

In [186]:

party_pacts.plot(kind='bar')

Out[186]:

<matplotlib.axes._subplots.AxesSubplot at 0x114ab13d0>

이 데이터를 보면 파티 규모는 주말에 커지는 경향

미국의 파티와 한국의 술자리, 어떻게 다를까?: 이 글을 읽어보면 외국의 파티 문화에 대해서 조금은 이해할 수 있다.¶

8.2.3 히스토그램과 밀도 그래프¶

히스토그램은 막대 그래프의 한 종류, 값의 빈도를 분리해서 보여줌
데이터 포인트는 분리되어 고른 간격의 막대로 표현되며 데이터의 숫자가 막대 높이로 표현 됨
앞에서 살펴본 팁 데이터를 사용해서 전체 결제 금액 대비 팁의 비율을 Series의 hist 메서드를 사용해서 만들어보자

In [187]:

# 팁의 비율 = 팁 / 전체 결제 금액
tips['tip_pct'] = tips['tip'] / tips['total_bill']

In [188]:

# 팁의 비율이 얼마나 되는지 histogray으로 나타냄
tips['tip_pct'].hist(bins=50)

Out[188]:

<matplotlib.axes._subplots.AxesSubplot at 0x114d23d90>

In [192]:

tips['tip_pct'].hist(bins=10)

Out[192]:

<matplotlib.axes._subplots.AxesSubplot at 0x11547c650>

In [196]:

tips['tip_pct'].hist?

In [ ]:

tips['tip_pct'].hist

bins : integer or array_like, optional, default: 10
    If an integer is given, `bins + 1` bin edges are returned,
    consistently with :func:`numpy.histogram` for numpy version >=
    1.3.

    Unequally spaced bins are supported if `bins` is a sequence.

In [195]:

tips['tip_pct'].hist(bins=20)

Out[195]:

<matplotlib.axes._subplots.AxesSubplot at 0x115458590>

In [193]:

tips['tip_pct'].hist(bins=100)

Out[193]:

<matplotlib.axes._subplots.AxesSubplot at 0x1154cf690>

In [202]:

# default bins=10
tips['tip_pct'].hist()

Out[202]:

<matplotlib.axes._subplots.AxesSubplot at 0x11653ed10>

In [203]:

len(tips)

Out[203]:

In [204]:

tips['tip_pct'].hist(bins=len(tips))

Out[204]:

<matplotlib.axes._subplots.AxesSubplot at 0x116530d50>

In [189]:

tips.head()

Out[189]:

	total_bill	tip	sex	smoker	day	time	size	tip_pct
0	16.99	1.01	Female	No	Sun	Dinner	2	0.059447
1	10.34	1.66	Male	No	Sun	Dinner	3	0.160542
2	21.01	3.50	Male	No	Sun	Dinner	3	0.166587
3	23.68	3.31	Male	No	Sun	Dinner	2	0.139780
4	24.59	3.61	Female	No	Sun	Dinner	4	0.146808

이와 관련있는 다른 도표로 밀도 그래프 존재
밀도 그래프는 관찰값을 사용해서 추정되는 연속된 확률분포 나타냄
일반적으로는 kernels 메서드를 잘 섞어서 이 분포를 근사하는 식으로 그리는데, 이것은 좀 더 단순한 정규(가우시안) 분포다.
밀도 그래프는 KDE(Kernel Density Estimate), 커널 밀도 추정 그래프라고도 알려져 있다.
plot 메서드의 인자로 kind='kde'를 넘기면 밀도 그래프를 표준 KDE 형식으로 생성

In [205]:

# 팁 비율의 밀도 그래프
tips['tip_pct'].plot(kind='kde')

Out[205]:

<matplotlib.axes._subplots.AxesSubplot at 0x1165cf450>

히스토그램과 밀도 그래프는 함께 자주 사용
정규화된 히스토그램 위에 커널 밀도 추정 그래프를 함께 그린다.
2개의 다른 표준 정규분포로 이루어진 양봉분포를 생각해보자

In [206]:

comp1 = np.random.normal(0, 1, size=200) # N(0, 1)

In [207]:

comp2 = np.random.normal(10, 2, size=200) # N(10, 4)

In [208]:

values = Series(np.concatenate([comp1, comp2]))

In [219]:

comp1

Out[219]:

array([-0.03006432,  0.62416921, -0.82979016, -0.07626137,  0.33006727,
       -0.2226163 , -1.4490153 , -0.57840093, -1.11460083,  0.7553205 ,
       -0.21047422,  0.81083657,  0.25409624, -0.73677549,  1.59938654,
        0.30897776, -0.52118929, -0.98074448,  1.02452457,  1.26628246,
       -1.08982414, -1.8863159 , -1.49819582, -0.57088863, -1.52569729,
       -0.21462303, -1.91300802, -0.97689937,  0.69224438,  1.19066594,
       -0.04543148, -1.68464209,  0.16377322, -0.41100469,  1.65563584,
       -0.43548471, -0.0686075 ,  0.87443718, -0.09561706,  0.34318721,
       -0.33434316, -0.6943807 ,  1.05739929, -0.08260261, -0.26344038,
       -1.05453138,  1.11027371,  1.09987408, -2.05056012,  0.7458223 ,
        1.80206639, -0.29385907, -0.30099934, -1.48906035, -0.25789229,
        0.6368622 ,  1.35291641, -0.37697077, -0.63794597, -0.07542487,
        1.14693734, -1.47784192, -0.37739846,  0.69789293, -0.2241004 ,
       -0.47868564,  1.03858588, -0.26952836, -0.36315754,  0.75307931,
        1.90836703,  0.84463412, -0.07939539,  1.23437271,  1.43452041,
        0.61490596, -0.3134146 ,  1.75492581,  0.69160287,  1.39466142,
       -0.59527496,  0.04232359,  0.49865358,  0.92069305,  0.71648503,
        0.32103442, -1.37489713,  0.3128524 ,  1.2121235 , -0.64490816,
        0.87252652,  0.04927038, -0.40507724, -1.23035539,  0.5222532 ,
       -1.26006006,  0.58750751, -0.81574104,  2.03006589,  1.79778166,
       -1.18547603, -0.19684619, -1.2061639 , -0.67239921, -1.06537364,
        1.89551087,  0.69125902,  0.24671771,  0.1799499 ,  0.13539037,
        2.52973433, -0.15766208,  0.21710313, -0.39874482, -0.09711104,
       -0.68850282,  0.42143671,  2.03038841, -1.06994309, -1.15533822,
        0.267592  ,  0.76303184,  0.92527421, -0.18773323,  0.68041131,
        0.52873759,  0.02513809,  0.2401861 , -2.01104222,  0.19282394,
       -0.98472998,  1.10906995, -1.46220406,  0.04029807,  3.70747642,
        0.13750037, -0.17335615, -0.04595318, -0.00703485,  0.13321913,
       -0.1880394 ,  0.60217843, -0.50454323,  2.13825018, -0.86848241,
       -0.15371265,  1.05188101, -0.6490668 , -0.03762459,  0.12019895,
       -0.85142469, -0.34167035, -1.67959706, -0.44873759, -1.55704742,
       -0.45973605, -1.34374166,  0.20502535,  0.34766993, -0.02929194,
       -1.62667786,  0.35566227,  0.99383155, -0.3068941 ,  0.99818634,
        0.46747651,  0.51479121,  0.0885481 ,  1.74646427,  0.13564841,
       -0.71792006,  1.22226059,  0.08595269,  1.26449524, -0.25562476,
       -0.2302898 ,  0.47995741,  0.80062927,  0.77013342, -2.45091037,
        0.15850605,  0.32502658,  0.42511228, -0.83601846, -1.50093046,
        0.25244309,  0.88262766, -0.20556962, -0.20643288,  0.19607876,
        1.19494803,  2.51500466,  0.22907423,  0.28595409, -1.04140855,
       -1.60573034, -0.83226837, -0.38434512,  0.40409659, -0.2794942 ])

In [220]:

comp2

Out[220]:

array([ 12.12979238,  11.31287139,   9.11185445,   6.21412288,
        12.02195632,   7.98072736,   8.88810476,  10.59032813,
         6.90336211,   8.31517484,  10.32299948,   9.59569113,
        10.61039485,   7.7421701 ,   9.34527707,   7.10553918,
        10.43539833,   7.77376647,   9.3063226 ,   8.99981389,
        10.2348831 ,   8.87808666,   9.90299934,  10.26468104,
        10.31592146,   9.23504796,  12.75585353,  10.37984266,
        13.12118208,  10.75283153,  10.38349071,   7.70727205,
         8.76031168,  12.64752461,  13.72756757,   9.35243395,
        11.43970632,  11.93780346,  13.41580251,   9.45244386,
        13.93512561,  12.4077175 ,  15.41248813,   8.65833233,
         9.98494934,   9.45740357,   8.37800771,   8.4866978 ,
         8.94076236,   9.16867676,   9.96257804,  10.01438034,
        13.56244584,   7.72115934,   7.98352198,  10.86779896,
         7.53621441,   8.89007687,   8.75529358,   6.45836627,
         9.26307598,   9.26817923,  11.23709731,   9.4024986 ,
        10.48216662,   9.81099859,   9.61800828,   9.2411512 ,
         9.02121394,  13.0542351 ,   9.30883883,   8.75658223,
         8.84301486,  12.36004597,  10.44683533,   4.96961209,
         9.62606839,   8.09027939,   8.73693674,  13.29556102,
        12.43524757,   9.5924543 ,   7.49019263,  10.53756646,
         9.03188349,  12.91507698,  13.11381014,  11.01024165,
        11.40147758,  11.05118302,   8.15736822,   6.85889665,
        10.37081389,  10.62889047,   8.78887665,   8.28573431,
         5.51950026,  12.28506857,   9.32171887,  10.50588577,
         6.03667584,   7.41734292,   8.20309615,  10.42889666,
        12.67629172,  14.09353288,   9.89166436,   8.00360409,
         5.99305938,   9.33975857,  10.50234367,   9.95875703,
         9.13212607,   8.95817617,   9.61129025,   9.54071445,
         9.17114096,   9.54379153,   7.79176814,   8.2786597 ,
         9.53316156,   7.7926394 ,  10.88550414,  12.96031431,
         9.42429864,   8.54464011,  11.2917608 ,  11.8457744 ,
         9.54300979,   8.30888867,  13.54993186,  11.05272319,
        12.11968601,   9.88714917,  10.77184716,  11.02172827,
         7.40669767,   9.36458248,  10.66301035,   7.68434779,
        10.00564907,  11.10394758,   7.22035275,   8.08423978,
        11.0795675 ,   7.40255238,  10.29544307,   7.7234862 ,
        11.59979629,  10.94676699,   9.58586261,   8.43918392,
         9.86616604,   9.65168141,   7.41870469,  11.16809778,
         7.22804576,  12.53855354,  12.29421695,  11.47979516,
         9.94691419,  10.2979203 ,  10.66189723,   7.1988263 ,
        11.65957401,   6.19223188,  11.67952798,   6.60079654,
        11.69536621,   8.55243384,  14.66606056,  10.59700618,
        14.51955882,  12.66453724,   8.4263302 ,  10.80717172,
         9.78971246,   9.49791593,   8.58696967,   8.0595833 ,
        11.35096868,  10.05825319,   8.59931553,  10.9292835 ,
        14.82178706,   9.64108128,   7.15230379,   9.98130276,
        10.16814889,  12.50442524,   9.41593221,   7.23832656,
         8.57751347,  11.36690595,   8.68819674,  11.7532276 ,
         9.59768956,  10.37324093,   6.73252232,   7.6218148 ])

In [216]:

np.concatenate([comp1, comp2])

Out[216]:

array([ -3.00643194e-02,   6.24169215e-01,  -8.29790162e-01,
        -7.62613746e-02,   3.30067271e-01,  -2.22616296e-01,
        -1.44901530e+00,  -5.78400932e-01,  -1.11460083e+00,
         7.55320501e-01,  -2.10474218e-01,   8.10836567e-01,
         2.54096238e-01,  -7.36775488e-01,   1.59938654e+00,
         3.08977756e-01,  -5.21189295e-01,  -9.80744477e-01,
         1.02452457e+00,   1.26628246e+00,  -1.08982414e+00,
        -1.88631590e+00,  -1.49819582e+00,  -5.70888632e-01,
        -1.52569729e+00,  -2.14623027e-01,  -1.91300802e+00,
        -9.76899373e-01,   6.92244377e-01,   1.19066594e+00,
        -4.54314784e-02,  -1.68464209e+00,   1.63773225e-01,
        -4.11004693e-01,   1.65563584e+00,  -4.35484706e-01,
        -6.86075043e-02,   8.74437184e-01,  -9.56170616e-02,
         3.43187210e-01,  -3.34343163e-01,  -6.94380695e-01,
         1.05739929e+00,  -8.26026111e-02,  -2.63440378e-01,
        -1.05453138e+00,   1.11027371e+00,   1.09987408e+00,
        -2.05056012e+00,   7.45822303e-01,   1.80206639e+00,
        -2.93859066e-01,  -3.00999341e-01,  -1.48906035e+00,
        -2.57892293e-01,   6.36862198e-01,   1.35291641e+00,
        -3.76970772e-01,  -6.37945971e-01,  -7.54248741e-02,
         1.14693734e+00,  -1.47784192e+00,  -3.77398457e-01,
         6.97892928e-01,  -2.24100400e-01,  -4.78685642e-01,
         1.03858588e+00,  -2.69528364e-01,  -3.63157539e-01,
         7.53079311e-01,   1.90836703e+00,   8.44634122e-01,
        -7.93953923e-02,   1.23437271e+00,   1.43452041e+00,
         6.14905962e-01,  -3.13414601e-01,   1.75492581e+00,
         6.91602868e-01,   1.39466142e+00,  -5.95274958e-01,
         4.23235905e-02,   4.98653581e-01,   9.20693051e-01,
         7.16485030e-01,   3.21034425e-01,  -1.37489713e+00,
         3.12852398e-01,   1.21212350e+00,  -6.44908165e-01,
         8.72526521e-01,   4.92703824e-02,  -4.05077235e-01,
        -1.23035539e+00,   5.22253204e-01,  -1.26006006e+00,
         5.87507505e-01,  -8.15741043e-01,   2.03006589e+00,
         1.79778166e+00,  -1.18547603e+00,  -1.96846185e-01,
        -1.20616390e+00,  -6.72399213e-01,  -1.06537364e+00,
         1.89551087e+00,   6.91259021e-01,   2.46717711e-01,
         1.79949899e-01,   1.35390370e-01,   2.52973433e+00,
        -1.57662075e-01,   2.17103135e-01,  -3.98744823e-01,
        -9.71110403e-02,  -6.88502818e-01,   4.21436714e-01,
         2.03038841e+00,  -1.06994309e+00,  -1.15533822e+00,
         2.67592000e-01,   7.63031840e-01,   9.25274205e-01,
        -1.87733232e-01,   6.80411308e-01,   5.28737593e-01,
         2.51380939e-02,   2.40186101e-01,  -2.01104222e+00,
         1.92823944e-01,  -9.84729985e-01,   1.10906995e+00,
        -1.46220406e+00,   4.02980737e-02,   3.70747642e+00,
         1.37500372e-01,  -1.73356154e-01,  -4.59531831e-02,
        -7.03484946e-03,   1.33219127e-01,  -1.88039396e-01,
         6.02178428e-01,  -5.04543229e-01,   2.13825018e+00,
        -8.68482412e-01,  -1.53712650e-01,   1.05188101e+00,
        -6.49066801e-01,  -3.76245876e-02,   1.20198950e-01,
        -8.51424687e-01,  -3.41670352e-01,  -1.67959706e+00,
        -4.48737587e-01,  -1.55704742e+00,  -4.59736054e-01,
        -1.34374166e+00,   2.05025350e-01,   3.47669928e-01,
        -2.92919436e-02,  -1.62667786e+00,   3.55662274e-01,
         9.93831547e-01,  -3.06894098e-01,   9.98186342e-01,
         4.67476511e-01,   5.14791212e-01,   8.85480975e-02,
         1.74646427e+00,   1.35648405e-01,  -7.17920061e-01,
         1.22226059e+00,   8.59526924e-02,   1.26449524e+00,
        -2.55624763e-01,  -2.30289803e-01,   4.79957414e-01,
         8.00629272e-01,   7.70133416e-01,  -2.45091037e+00,
         1.58506053e-01,   3.25026581e-01,   4.25112278e-01,
        -8.36018462e-01,  -1.50093046e+00,   2.52443085e-01,
         8.82627665e-01,  -2.05569621e-01,  -2.06432880e-01,
         1.96078761e-01,   1.19494803e+00,   2.51500466e+00,
         2.29074231e-01,   2.85954093e-01,  -1.04140855e+00,
        -1.60573034e+00,  -8.32268371e-01,  -3.84345125e-01,
         4.04096595e-01,  -2.79494201e-01,   1.21297924e+01,
         1.13128714e+01,   9.11185445e+00,   6.21412288e+00,
         1.20219563e+01,   7.98072736e+00,   8.88810476e+00,
         1.05903281e+01,   6.90336211e+00,   8.31517484e+00,
         1.03229995e+01,   9.59569113e+00,   1.06103949e+01,
         7.74217010e+00,   9.34527707e+00,   7.10553918e+00,
         1.04353983e+01,   7.77376647e+00,   9.30632260e+00,
         8.99981389e+00,   1.02348831e+01,   8.87808666e+00,
         9.90299934e+00,   1.02646810e+01,   1.03159215e+01,
         9.23504796e+00,   1.27558535e+01,   1.03798427e+01,
         1.31211821e+01,   1.07528315e+01,   1.03834907e+01,
         7.70727205e+00,   8.76031168e+00,   1.26475246e+01,
         1.37275676e+01,   9.35243395e+00,   1.14397063e+01,
         1.19378035e+01,   1.34158025e+01,   9.45244386e+00,
         1.39351256e+01,   1.24077175e+01,   1.54124881e+01,
         8.65833233e+00,   9.98494934e+00,   9.45740357e+00,
         8.37800771e+00,   8.48669780e+00,   8.94076236e+00,
         9.16867676e+00,   9.96257804e+00,   1.00143803e+01,
         1.35624458e+01,   7.72115934e+00,   7.98352198e+00,
         1.08677990e+01,   7.53621441e+00,   8.89007687e+00,
         8.75529358e+00,   6.45836627e+00,   9.26307598e+00,
         9.26817923e+00,   1.12370973e+01,   9.40249860e+00,
         1.04821666e+01,   9.81099859e+00,   9.61800828e+00,
         9.24115120e+00,   9.02121394e+00,   1.30542351e+01,
         9.30883883e+00,   8.75658223e+00,   8.84301486e+00,
         1.23600460e+01,   1.04468353e+01,   4.96961209e+00,
         9.62606839e+00,   8.09027939e+00,   8.73693674e+00,
         1.32955610e+01,   1.24352476e+01,   9.59245430e+00,
         7.49019263e+00,   1.05375665e+01,   9.03188349e+00,
         1.29150770e+01,   1.31138101e+01,   1.10102417e+01,
         1.14014776e+01,   1.10511830e+01,   8.15736822e+00,
         6.85889665e+00,   1.03708139e+01,   1.06288905e+01,
         8.78887665e+00,   8.28573431e+00,   5.51950026e+00,
         1.22850686e+01,   9.32171887e+00,   1.05058858e+01,
         6.03667584e+00,   7.41734292e+00,   8.20309615e+00,
         1.04288967e+01,   1.26762917e+01,   1.40935329e+01,
         9.89166436e+00,   8.00360409e+00,   5.99305938e+00,
         9.33975857e+00,   1.05023437e+01,   9.95875703e+00,
         9.13212607e+00,   8.95817617e+00,   9.61129025e+00,
         9.54071445e+00,   9.17114096e+00,   9.54379153e+00,
         7.79176814e+00,   8.27865970e+00,   9.53316156e+00,
         7.79263940e+00,   1.08855041e+01,   1.29603143e+01,
         9.42429864e+00,   8.54464011e+00,   1.12917608e+01,
         1.18457744e+01,   9.54300979e+00,   8.30888867e+00,
         1.35499319e+01,   1.10527232e+01,   1.21196860e+01,
         9.88714917e+00,   1.07718472e+01,   1.10217283e+01,
         7.40669767e+00,   9.36458248e+00,   1.06630104e+01,
         7.68434779e+00,   1.00056491e+01,   1.11039476e+01,
         7.22035275e+00,   8.08423978e+00,   1.10795675e+01,
         7.40255238e+00,   1.02954431e+01,   7.72348620e+00,
         1.15997963e+01,   1.09467670e+01,   9.58586261e+00,
         8.43918392e+00,   9.86616604e+00,   9.65168141e+00,
         7.41870469e+00,   1.11680978e+01,   7.22804576e+00,
         1.25385535e+01,   1.22942170e+01,   1.14797952e+01,
         9.94691419e+00,   1.02979203e+01,   1.06618972e+01,
         7.19882630e+00,   1.16595740e+01,   6.19223188e+00,
         1.16795280e+01,   6.60079654e+00,   1.16953662e+01,
         8.55243384e+00,   1.46660606e+01,   1.05970062e+01,
         1.45195588e+01,   1.26645372e+01,   8.42633020e+00,
         1.08071717e+01,   9.78971246e+00,   9.49791593e+00,
         8.58696967e+00,   8.05958330e+00,   1.13509687e+01,
         1.00582532e+01,   8.59931553e+00,   1.09292835e+01,
         1.48217871e+01,   9.64108128e+00,   7.15230379e+00,
         9.98130276e+00,   1.01681489e+01,   1.25044252e+01,
         9.41593221e+00,   7.23832656e+00,   8.57751347e+00,
         1.13669059e+01,   8.68819674e+00,   1.17532276e+01,
         9.59768956e+00,   1.03732409e+01,   6.73252232e+00,
         7.62181480e+00])

In [218]:

len(comp1), len(comp2)

Out[218]:

(200, 200)

In [217]:

len(np.concatenate([comp1, comp2]))

Out[217]:

In [214]:

values

Out[214]:

0    -0.030064
1     0.624169
2    -0.829790
3    -0.076261
4     0.330067
5    -0.222616
6    -1.449015
7    -0.578401
8    -1.114601
9     0.755321
10   -0.210474
11    0.810837
12    0.254096
13   -0.736775
14    1.599387
...
385     9.641081
386     7.152304
387     9.981303
388    10.168149
389    12.504425
390     9.415932
391     7.238327
392     8.577513
393    11.366906
394     8.688197
395    11.753228
396     9.597690
397    10.373241
398     6.732522
399     7.621815
Length: 400, dtype: float64

In [212]:

values.hist(bins=100, alpha=0.3, color='k', normed=True)

Out[212]:

<matplotlib.axes._subplots.AxesSubplot at 0x119490290>

values.hist 함수 인자¶

bins: 몇 개를 보여줄지
alpha: 투명도
normed: 정규화: 많은 양의 데이터를 처리함에 있어 여러 이유로 정규화, 즉 데이터의 범위를 일치시키거나 분포를 유사하게 만들어주는 등의 작업은 꼭 필요한 일이다.
values.hist? 했는데 어떤 인자를 넘겨주는지 안나오네..?

In [221]:

values.hist(bins=100, alpha=0.8, color='k', normed=True)

Out[221]:

<matplotlib.axes._subplots.AxesSubplot at 0x1197bc4d0>

In [222]:

values.hist(bins=100, alpha=0.8, color='k', normed=False)

Out[222]:

<matplotlib.axes._subplots.AxesSubplot at 0x11ad4c550>

In [210]:

values.plot(kind='kde', style='k--')

Out[210]:

<matplotlib.axes._subplots.AxesSubplot at 0x116539650>

한 plot에 연속적으로 그리기 위해서 주는 명령이 있던걸로 기억나는데..¶

뭔지 찾아봐야겠다.
지금 notebook에서는 한 개의 명령창에 입력해야 동일한 plot에 입력하라고 인식되네

In [213]:

values.hist(bins=100, alpha=0.3, color='k', normed=True)
values.plot(kind='kde', style='k--')

Out[213]:

<matplotlib.axes._subplots.AxesSubplot at 0x1194bfc90>

8.2.4 산포도¶

산포도는 2개의 1차원 데이터 묶음 간의 관계를 나타내고자 할 때 유용한 그래프
matplotlib에서 제공하는 scatter 메서드를 이용하여 산포도 그릴 수 있다
Statsmodel 프로젝트에서 macrodata 데이터 묶음을 불러온 다음 몇 가지 변수를 선택하고 로그차를 구해보자

자료의 탐색 및 정규성 검정: 통계는 너무 어려워. 산포도 쉽게 설명한 글¶

14. 자료의 흩어진 정도를 나타내는 산포도를 모른다?¶

Statsmodel Project¶

Statsmodels is a Python module that allows users to explore data, estimate statistical models, and perform statistical tests. An extensive list of descriptive statistics, statistical tests, plotting functions, and result statistics are available for different types of data and each estimator. Researchers across fields may find that statsmodels fully meets their needs for statistical computing and data analysis in Python. Features include:

Linear regression models
Generalized linear models
Discrete choice models
Robust linear models
Many models and functions for time series analysis
Nonparametric estimators
A collection of datasets for examples
A wide range of statistical tests
Input-output tools for producing tables in a number of formats (Text, LaTex, HTML) and for reading Stata files into NumPy and Pandas.
Plotting functions
Extensive unit tests to ensure correctness of results
Many more models and extensions in development

In [224]:

macro = pd.read_csv('ch08/macrodata.csv')

In [225]:

macro

Out[225]:

<class 'pandas.core.frame.DataFrame'>
Int64Index: 203 entries, 0 to 202
Data columns (total 14 columns):
year        203  non-null values
quarter     203  non-null values
realgdp     203  non-null values
realcons    203  non-null values
realinv     203  non-null values
realgovt    203  non-null values
realdpi     203  non-null values
cpi         203  non-null values
m1          203  non-null values
tbilrate    203  non-null values
unemp       203  non-null values
pop         203  non-null values
infl        203  non-null values
realint     203  non-null values
dtypes: float64(14)

In [226]:

macro[:10]

Out[226]:

	year	quarter	realgdp	realcons	realinv	realgovt	realdpi	cpi	m1	tbilrate	unemp	pop	infl	realint
0	1959	1	2710.349	1707.4	286.898	470.045	1886.9	28.98	139.7	2.82	5.8	177.146	0.00	0.00
1	1959	2	2778.801	1733.7	310.859	481.301	1919.7	29.15	141.7	3.08	5.1	177.830	2.34	0.74
2	1959	3	2775.488	1751.8	289.226	491.260	1916.4	29.35	140.5	3.82	5.3	178.657	2.74	1.09
3	1959	4	2785.204	1753.7	299.356	484.052	1931.3	29.37	140.0	4.33	5.6	179.386	0.27	4.06
4	1960	1	2847.699	1770.5	331.722	462.199	1955.5	29.54	139.6	3.50	5.2	180.007	2.31	1.19
5	1960	2	2834.390	1792.9	298.152	460.400	1966.1	29.55	140.2	2.68	5.2	180.671	0.14	2.55
6	1960	3	2839.022	1785.8	296.375	474.676	1967.8	29.75	140.9	2.36	5.6	181.528	2.70	-0.34
7	1960	4	2802.616	1788.2	259.764	476.434	1966.6	29.84	141.1	2.29	6.3	182.287	1.21	1.08
8	1961	1	2819.264	1787.7	266.405	475.854	1984.5	29.81	142.1	2.37	6.8	182.992	-0.40	2.77
9	1961	2	2872.005	1814.3	286.246	480.328	2014.4	29.92	142.9	2.29	7.0	183.691	1.47	0.81

In [227]:

data = macro[['cpi', 'm1', 'tbilrate', 'unemp']]

In [231]:

data[-5:]

Out[231]:

	cpi	m1	tbilrate	unemp
198	216.889	1474.7	1.17	6.0
199	212.174	1576.5	0.12	6.9
200	212.671	1592.8	0.22	8.1
201	214.469	1653.6	0.18	9.2
202	216.385	1673.9	0.12	9.6

In [228]:

# data에 log를 취하고 diff
trans_data = np.log(data).diff().dropna()

In [240]:

len(trans_data)

Out[240]:

In [241]:

# NA값이 1개 있네. 203 - 202 = 1
len(np.log(data).diff())

Out[241]:

In [245]:

# log 취하면 216.889 -> 5.3793
np.log(216.889)

Out[245]:

5.3793857019317688

In [246]:

# diff: 앞의 숫자와의 차이
# 아..영어 해석이 안되니 힘들구만
# 예제 input 값과 output 값 테스트 해보고 알았다.
np.log(data).diff?

Type:        function
String form: <function diff at 0x1027d0578>
File:        /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/numpy-1.9.0.dev_c50e60d-py2.7-macosx-10.8-x86_64.egg/numpy/lib/function_base.py
Definition:  diff(a, n=1, axis=-1)
Docstring:
Calculate the n-th order discrete difference along given axis.

The first order difference is given by ``out[n] = a[n+1] - a[n]`` along
the given axis, higher order differences are calculated by using `diff`
recursively.

Parameters
----------
a : array_like
    Input array
n : int, optional
    The number of times values are differenced.
axis : int, optional
    The axis along which the difference is taken, default is the last axis.

Returns
-------
diff : ndarray
    The `n` order differences. The shape of the output is the same as `a`
    except along `axis` where the dimension is smaller by `n`.

See Also
--------
gradient, ediff1d, cumsum

Examples
--------
>>> x = np.array([1, 2, 4, 7, 0])
>>> np.diff(x)
array([ 1,  2,  3, -7])
>>> np.diff(x, n=2)
array([  1,   1, -10])

>>> x = np.array([[1, 3, 6, 10], [0, 5, 6, 8]])
>>> np.diff(x)
array([[2, 3, 4],
       [5, 1, 2]])
>>> np.diff(x, axis=0)
array([[-1,  2,  0, -2]])

In [233]:

np.log(data)[-5:]

Out[233]:

	cpi	m1	tbilrate	unemp
198	5.379386	7.296210	0.157004	1.791759
199	5.357407	7.362962	-2.120264	1.931521
200	5.359746	7.373249	-1.514128	2.091864
201	5.368165	7.410710	-1.714798	2.219203
202	5.377059	7.422912	-2.120264	2.261763

In [235]:

np.log(data).diff()[-5:]

Out[235]:

	cpi	m1	tbilrate	unemp
198	-0.007904	0.045361	-0.396881	0.105361
199	-0.021979	0.066753	-2.277267	0.139762
200	0.002340	0.010286	0.606136	0.160343
201	0.008419	0.037461	-0.200671	0.127339
202	0.008894	0.012202	-0.405465	0.042560

In [229]:

trans_data[-5:]

Out[229]:

	cpi	m1	tbilrate	unemp
198	-0.007904	0.045361	-0.396881	0.105361
199	-0.021979	0.066753	-2.277267	0.139762
200	0.002340	0.010286	0.606136	0.160343
201	0.008419	0.037461	-0.200671	0.127339
202	0.008894	0.012202	-0.405465	0.042560

간단한 산포도는 plt.scatter 메소드 이용해서 그릴 수 있다.

In [249]:

plt.scatter(trans_data['m1'], trans_data['unemp'])
plt.title('Change in log %s vs. log %s' % ('m1', 'unemp'))

Out[249]:

<matplotlib.text.Text at 0x11b92c850>

In [250]:

# Make a scatter plot of x vs y, where x and y are sequence like objects
# of the same lengths.
plt.scatter?

탐색 데이터 분석에서는 변수의 그룹 간 모든 산포도를 살펴보는 일이 매우 유용하다.
이는 짝지은 그래프 또는 산포도 행렬이라고 부름
이런 그래프를 직접 그리는 과정은 다소 복잡
pandas에는 scatter_matrix 함수가 있어 DataFrame 객체로부터 산포도 행렬을 간단히 생성
또한 pandas는 대각선을 따라 각 변수에 대한 히스토그램이나 밀도 그래프도 생성 가능

In [251]:

pd.scatter_matrix(trans_data, diagonal='kde', color='k', alpha=0.3)

Out[251]:

array([[<matplotlib.axes._subplots.AxesSubplot object at 0x11b9a8350>,
        <matplotlib.axes._subplots.AxesSubplot object at 0x11b9cdd90>,
        <matplotlib.axes._subplots.AxesSubplot object at 0x11b9719d0>,
        <matplotlib.axes._subplots.AxesSubplot object at 0x11b98eed0>],
       [<matplotlib.axes._subplots.AxesSubplot object at 0x115554a10>,
        <matplotlib.axes._subplots.AxesSubplot object at 0x115578f50>,
        <matplotlib.axes._subplots.AxesSubplot object at 0x11bd7e410>,
        <matplotlib.axes._subplots.AxesSubplot object at 0x11bda1950>],
       [<matplotlib.axes._subplots.AxesSubplot object at 0x11bd8ca10>,
        <matplotlib.axes._subplots.AxesSubplot object at 0x11bde15d0>,
        <matplotlib.axes._subplots.AxesSubplot object at 0x11bf1f990>,
        <matplotlib.axes._subplots.AxesSubplot object at 0x11bf3d4d0>],
       [<matplotlib.axes._subplots.AxesSubplot object at 0x11bf5fc90>,
        <matplotlib.axes._subplots.AxesSubplot object at 0x11bf715d0>,
        <matplotlib.axes._subplots.AxesSubplot object at 0x11bfa0fd0>,
        <matplotlib.axes._subplots.AxesSubplot object at 0x11bfc73d0>]], dtype=object)

8.3 지도 그리기: 아이티 지진 데이터 시각화하기¶

우샤히디(Ushahidi)는 비영리 소프트웨어 기업
Ushahidi - Wiki
문자 메시지를 통해 자연재해나 지리적인 사건과 관련된 정보를 크라우드 소싱하고 이렇게 모인 많은 데이터를 웹 사이트를 통해 공개하여 분석이나 시각화에 활용할 수 있도록 하고 있음
2010년에 수집된 아이티 지진 데이터와 그 여파에 대한 자료를 내려받아 어떻게 분석하고 시각화하는지 살펴보자

In [279]:

data = pd.read_csv('ch08/Haiti.csv')

In [270]:

# 다른 데이터들은 3593인데, 카테고리는 3587
data

Out[270]:

<class 'pandas.core.frame.DataFrame'>
Int64Index: 3593 entries, 0 to 3592
Data columns (total 10 columns):
Serial            3593  non-null values
INCIDENT TITLE    3593  non-null values
INCIDENT DATE     3593  non-null values
LOCATION          3593  non-null values
DESCRIPTION       3593  non-null values
CATEGORY          3587  non-null values
LATITUDE          3593  non-null values
LONGITUDE         3593  non-null values
APPROVED          3593  non-null values
VERIFIED          3593  non-null values
dtypes: float64(2), int64(1), object(7)

In [271]:

data[:5]

Out[271]:

	Serial	INCIDENT TITLE	INCIDENT DATE	LOCATION	DESCRIPTION	CATEGORY	LATITUDE	LONGITUDE	APPROVED	VERIFIED
0	4052	* URGENT * Type O blood donations needed in #J...	05/07/2010 17:26	Jacmel, Haiti	Birthing Clinic in Jacmel #Haiti urgently need...	1. Urgences \| Emergency, 3. Public Health,	18.233333	-72.533333	YES	NO
1	4051	Food-Aid sent to Fondwa, Haiti	28/06/2010 23:06	fondwa	Please help food-aid.org deliver more food to ...	1. Urgences \| Emergency, 2. Urgences logistiqu...	50.226029	5.729886	NO	NO
2	4050	how haiti is right now and how it was during t...	24/06/2010 16:21	centrie	i feel so bad for you i know i am supposed to ...	2. Urgences logistiques \| Vital Lines, 8. Autr...	22.278381	114.174287	NO	NO
3	4049	Lost person	20/06/2010 21:59	Genoca	We are family members of Juan Antonio Zuniga O...	1. Urgences \| Emergency,	44.407062	8.933989	NO	NO
4	4042	Citi Soleil school	18/05/2010 16:26	Citi Soleil, Haiti	We are working with Haitian (NGO) -The Christi...	1. Urgences \| Emergency,	18.571084	-72.334671	YES	NO

이제 쉽게 데이터를 들여다보며 원하는 작업을 할 수 있게 됐다.
각각의 로우는 익명의 사용자가 휴대폰으로 응급상황이나 다른 문제가 발생했음을 알려온 내연
각 내역은 타임스탬프와 위치 정보(위도, 경도)를 포함

In [272]:

data[['INCIDENT DATE', 'LATITUDE', 'LONGITUDE']][:10]

Out[272]:

	INCIDENT DATE	LATITUDE	LONGITUDE
0	05/07/2010 17:26	18.233333	-72.533333
1	28/06/2010 23:06	50.226029	5.729886
2	24/06/2010 16:21	22.278381	114.174287
3	20/06/2010 21:59	44.407062	8.933989
4	18/05/2010 16:26	18.571084	-72.334671
5	26/04/2010 13:14	18.593707	-72.310079
6	26/04/2010 14:19	18.482800	-73.638800
7	26/04/2010 14:27	18.415000	-73.195000
8	15/03/2010 10:58	18.517443	-72.236841
9	15/03/2010 11:00	18.547790	-72.410010

In [273]:

data['CATEGORY'][:6]

Out[273]:

0          1. Urgences | Emergency, 3. Public Health, 
1    1. Urgences | Emergency, 2. Urgences logistiqu...
2    2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 8. Autr...
3                            1. Urgences | Emergency, 
4                            1. Urgences | Emergency, 
5                       5e. Communication lines down, 
Name: CATEGORY, dtype: object

이 data 요약을 보면 몇몇 카테고리가 빠져있는 것을 확인
카테고리가 누락된 데이터를 제외시키고 describe 메서드를 호출하여 이상한 위치가 있는지 확인해보자

In [282]:

data.describe()

Out[282]:

	Serial	LATITUDE	LONGITUDE
count	3593.000000	3593.000000	3593.000000
mean	2080.277484	18.611495	-72.322680
std	1171.100360	0.738572	3.650776
min	4.000000	18.041313	-74.452757
25%	1074.000000	18.524070	-72.417500
50%	2163.000000	18.539269	-72.335000
75%	3088.000000	18.561820	-72.293570
max	4052.000000	50.226029	114.174287

잘못된 위치 정보와 누락된 카테고리는 다음처럼 간단히 제거

In [283]:

data[data.CATEGORY.isnull()]

Out[283]:

	Serial	INCIDENT TITLE	INCIDENT DATE	LOCATION	DESCRIPTION	CATEGORY	LATITUDE	LONGITUDE	APPROVED	VERIFIED
1198	2777	Food needed in Castro area, near airport 10 De...	24/01/2010 23:31	10 Dessaline Road	hungry grangou. We are in the Cit?? Castro a...	NaN	18.567320	-72.293280	YES	NO
1531	2436	Food Needed in Fontamara 27	22/01/2010 23:04	Fontamara 27 (off Rue National 2) Coordinates ...	NOU NAN FONTAMARA 27 PROLONGE NOU PA WE PES?N\...	NaN	18.532570	-72.367540	YES	NO
1828	2130	15 People, 5 Babies, Water and Food Needed at ...	23/01/2010 18:07	Airport Runway Entrance - one end of the runwa...	nou sou wout aewopo a antre pis la nou se 15 f...	NaN	18.580320	-72.312390	YES	NO
2620	1182	Trapped person	19/01/2010 05:19	Delmas, 33 Rue Derrosier Impas Du Crist, Numbe...	Mwen.se MADAM LAINE FRITZ MWEN RETE DELMAS 33 ...	NaN	18.559451	-72.295522	YES	NO
2622	1179	500 to 600 people in a temporary shelter with ...	19/01/2010 05:57	Grand Goave, Haiti	Nou anviron 500 a 600 moun nan abri pwoviswa g...	NaN	18.431400	-72.787200	YES	NO
2623	1178	500 to 600 people in a temporary shelter with ...	19/01/2010 05:57	Grand Goave, Haiti	Nou anviron 500 a 600 moun nan abri pwoviswa g...	NaN	18.424764	-72.770300	YES	NO

In [286]:

# 18 < 경도 < 20
# -75 < 위도 < -70
# 모든 조건들이 참이어야 하는 &(and) 연산자 사용
data = data[(data.LATITUDE > 18) & (data.LATITUDE < 20) &
            (data.LONGITUDE > -75) & (data.LONGITUDE < -70)
            & data.CATEGORY.notnull()]

In [287]:

data.describe()

Out[287]:

	Serial	LATITUDE	LONGITUDE
count	3569.000000	3569.000000	3569.000000
mean	2081.498459	18.592503	-72.424994
std	1170.311824	0.273695	0.291018
min	4.000000	18.041313	-74.452757
25%	1074.000000	18.524200	-72.417498
50%	2166.000000	18.539269	-72.335000
75%	3089.000000	18.561800	-72.293939
max	4052.000000	19.940630	-71.099489

아이티 지진 위치 정보¶

18 < 경도 < 20
-75 < 위도 < -70
아이티 지진 데이터이기 때문에 아이티 부근 데이터만 분석하겠다는 의도다.
처음에 헷깔린게 Ushahidi가 케냐의 정부를 수집한다고 해서 google map 으로 케냐 부근만 찾았는데 경도, 위도가 맞지 않는 것이다. 조금 더 생각해보니 케냐 데이터만 모은게 아니라 전 세계 정보를 모은 것이고 그 중에서 아이티 부근 데이터만 분석하겠다는 정보로 보면 되겠다.
특정 지역만 분석할 수 있고 null 값은 한 번에 제외시킬 수 있는 문법이 굉장히 쉬운거 보니 라이브러리를 정말 잘 만들었다.

In [277]:

data

Out[277]:

<class 'pandas.core.frame.DataFrame'>
Int64Index: 3569 entries, 0 to 3592
Data columns (total 10 columns):
Serial            3569  non-null values
INCIDENT TITLE    3569  non-null values
INCIDENT DATE     3569  non-null values
LOCATION          3569  non-null values
DESCRIPTION       3569  non-null values
CATEGORY          3569  non-null values
LATITUDE          3569  non-null values
LONGITUDE         3569  non-null values
APPROVED          3569  non-null values
VERIFIED          3569  non-null values
dtypes: float64(2), int64(1), object(7)

카테고리별 분석이나 시각화
각 카테고리 필드에는 다수의 카테고리가 존재
각 카테고리는 코드와 영어, 불어 코드 이름으로 구성
그래서 데이터를 좀 더 쉽게 처리할 수 있도록 약간의 수고가 필요
먼저 존재하는 모든 카테고리를 뽑아내어 카테고리 코드와 영어 이름으로 분리되도록 함수 작성

In [288]:

def to_cat_list(catstr):
    # 카테고리 구분자로 ,를 사용
    stripped = (x.strip() for x in catstr.split(','))
    # ,로 구분했는데 x가 아무것도 없으면 포함하지 않는다. 
    # 위에서 x.strip()으로 공백을 모두 날렸기 때문에 공백만 있던 것은 아무것도 없는 ''이 됬을 것이다.
    return [x for x in stripped if x]

def get_all_categories(cat_series):
    # set으로 unique한 값만 받는다.
    cat_sets = (set(to_cat_list(x)) for x in cat_series)
    # set.union으로 합집합 만들어서 sorting
    return sorted(set.union(*cat_sets))

def get_english(cat):
    # code와 names 구분자로 . 사용
    code, names = cat.split('.')
    # names에서 |가 있다면 불어와 영어 구분자 이므로
    if '|' in names:
        # |를 기준으로 나눠서 배열의 [1]번째인 영어를 선택한다.
        names = names.split(' | ')[1]
    # 잊지않고 names값은 strip 해주어 공백을 제거한다.
    # 사소한 거지만 문자열 작업할 때는 공백을 제거해 주는게 중요하다.
    return code, names.strip()

In [292]:

# ,: 카테고리 구분자
# .: 코드, 불어 구분자
# |: 불어, 영어 구분자
data['CATEGORY'][:20]

Out[292]:

0           1. Urgences | Emergency, 3. Public Health, 
4                             1. Urgences | Emergency, 
5                        5e. Communication lines down, 
6     4. Menaces | Security Threats, 4e. Assainissem...
7                       4. Menaces | Security Threats, 
8     2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2f. San...
9     2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2d. Ref...
10    1a. Highly vulnerable, 2. Urgences logistiques...
11    4. Menaces | Security Threats, 4e. Assainissem...
12    2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2d. Ref...
13    2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Pen...
14                                   3. Public Health, 
15              2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 
16    1. Urgences | Emergency, 7. Secours | Services...
17           3. Public Health, 3b. Chronic care needs, 
18    2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Pen...
19    1. Urgences | Emergency, 7. Secours | Services...
20    1. Urgences | Emergency, 2. Urgences logistiqu...
21    2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2d. Ref...
22    2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2d. Ref...
Name: CATEGORY, dtype: object

불어, 영어 차이¶

불어: menaces
영어: Security Threats

In [289]:

# 카테고리 구성
# 1. Code: 2
# 2. 불어: Urgences logistiques
# 3. 영어: Vital Lines
# 이렇게 3개로 구성되어 있는데 이것들을 어떤 기준으로 나눌 것인가?
get_english('2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines')

Out[289]:

('2', 'Vital Lines')

이 코드를 분석에 사용할 것
코드와 코드 이름을 매핑할 수 있는 코드 작성
이는 나중에 도표를 꾸밀 때 사용(리스트 내포 자리에 제너레이터 표현식을 사용했음 주목)

좀 복잡한 코드는 디버깅 하면서 한 줄 한 줄 어떻게 변경되는지 추적해보는게 좋다.¶

In [293]:

all_cats = get_all_categories(data.CATEGORY)

In [294]:

all_cats

Out[294]:

['1. Urgences | Emergency',
 '1a. Highly vulnerable',
 '1b. Urgence medicale | Medical Emergency',
 '1c. Personnes prises au piege | People trapped',
 '1d. Incendie | Fire',
 '2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines',
 "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage",
 "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage",
 '2c. Eau contaminee | Contaminated water',
 '2c. Probleme de securite | Security Concern',
 '2d. Refuge | Shelter needed',
 '2e. Penurie de carburant | Fuel shortage',
 '2f. Sans courant | Power Outage',
 '3. Public Health',
 '3a. Infectious human disease',
 '3b. Chronic care needs',
 '3c. Besoins en materiels et medicaments | Medical equipment and supply needs',
 "3d. OBGYN/Women's Health",
 '3e. Psychiatric need',
 '4. Menaces | Security Threats',
 '4a. Pillage | Looting',
 '4c. Group violence',
 '4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion',
 '5. Infrastructure Damage',
 '5a. Structure effondres | Collapsed structure',
 '5b. Structures a risque | Unstable Structure',
 '5c. Route barree | Road blocked',
 '5d. Compromised bridge',
 '5e. Communication lines down',
 '6. Natural Hazards',
 '6a. Deces | Deaths',
 '6b. Personnes Disparues | Missing Persons',
 '6c. Demandant de transmettre un message | Asking to forward a message',
 '6c. Seisme et repliques | Earthquake and aftershocks',
 '7. Secours | Services Available',
 "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point",
 "7b. Distribution d'eau | Water distribution point",
 '7c. Denrees non alimentaires | Non-food aid distribution point',
 '7d. Services de sante | Hospital/Clinics Operating',
 '7g. Morgue | Human remains management',
 '7h. Deblayage de gravats | Rubble removal',
 '8. Autre | Other',
 '8a. IDP concentration',
 '8c. Price gouging',
 '8d. Recherche et sauvetage | Search and Rescue',
 '8e. Nouvelles de Personnes | Persons News',
 '8f. Other']

In [326]:

# 제너레이터 표현
english_mapping = dict(get_english(x) for x in all_cats)

제너레이터 표현식이 이해 안되서 삽질중¶

In [343]:

get_english(all_cats[0])

Out[343]:

('1', 'Emergency')

In [327]:

dict(get_english(all_cats[0]))

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
ValueError                                Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-327-10cf166fd0b1> in <module>()
----> 1 dict(get_english(all_cats[0]))

ValueError: dictionary update sequence element #0 has length 1; 2 is required

In [328]:

dict(one=1, two=2)

Out[328]:

{'one': 1, 'two': 2}

In [329]:

dict(emergency=1)

Out[329]:

{'emergency': 1}

In [330]:

dict('1a'=emergency)

  File "<ipython-input-330-1a7d13e9a231>", line 1
    dict('1a'=emergency)
SyntaxError: keyword can't be an expression

In [338]:

type(get_english(x) for x in all_cats)

Out[338]:

generator

In [342]:

(get_english(x) for x in all_cats)

Out[342]:

<generator object <genexpr> at 0x11da768c0>

In [340]:

dict(get_english(x) for x in all_cats)

Out[340]:

{'1': 'Emergency',
 '1a': 'Highly vulnerable',
 '1b': 'Medical Emergency',
 '1c': 'People trapped',
 '1d': 'Fire',
 '2': 'Vital Lines',
 '2a': 'Food Shortage',
 '2b': 'Water shortage',
 '2c': 'Security Concern',
 '2d': 'Shelter needed',
 '2e': 'Fuel shortage',
 '2f': 'Power Outage',
 '3': 'Public Health',
 '3a': 'Infectious human disease',
 '3b': 'Chronic care needs',
 '3c': 'Medical equipment and supply needs',
 '3d': "OBGYN/Women's Health",
 '3e': 'Psychiatric need',
 '4': 'Security Threats',
 '4a': 'Looting',
 '4c': 'Group violence',
 '4e': 'Water sanitation and hygiene promotion',
 '5': 'Infrastructure Damage',
 '5a': 'Collapsed structure',
 '5b': 'Unstable Structure',
 '5c': 'Road blocked',
 '5d': 'Compromised bridge',
 '5e': 'Communication lines down',
 '6': 'Natural Hazards',
 '6a': 'Deaths',
 '6b': 'Missing Persons',
 '6c': 'Earthquake and aftershocks',
 '7': 'Services Available',
 '7a': 'Food distribution point',
 '7b': 'Water distribution point',
 '7c': 'Non-food aid distribution point',
 '7d': 'Hospital/Clinics Operating',
 '7g': 'Human remains management',
 '7h': 'Rubble removal',
 '8': 'Other',
 '8a': 'IDP concentration',
 '8c': 'Price gouging',
 '8d': 'Search and Rescue',
 '8e': 'Persons News',
 '8f': 'Other'}

In [339]:

type(dict(get_english(x) for x in all_cats))

Out[339]:

dict

In [333]:

type(english_mapping)

Out[333]:

dict

In [332]:

english_mapping

Out[332]:

{'1': 'Emergency',
 '1a': 'Highly vulnerable',
 '1b': 'Medical Emergency',
 '1c': 'People trapped',
 '1d': 'Fire',
 '2': 'Vital Lines',
 '2a': 'Food Shortage',
 '2b': 'Water shortage',
 '2c': 'Security Concern',
 '2d': 'Shelter needed',
 '2e': 'Fuel shortage',
 '2f': 'Power Outage',
 '3': 'Public Health',
 '3a': 'Infectious human disease',
 '3b': 'Chronic care needs',
 '3c': 'Medical equipment and supply needs',
 '3d': "OBGYN/Women's Health",
 '3e': 'Psychiatric need',
 '4': 'Security Threats',
 '4a': 'Looting',
 '4c': 'Group violence',
 '4e': 'Water sanitation and hygiene promotion',
 '5': 'Infrastructure Damage',
 '5a': 'Collapsed structure',
 '5b': 'Unstable Structure',
 '5c': 'Road blocked',
 '5d': 'Compromised bridge',
 '5e': 'Communication lines down',
 '6': 'Natural Hazards',
 '6a': 'Deaths',
 '6b': 'Missing Persons',
 '6c': 'Earthquake and aftershocks',
 '7': 'Services Available',
 '7a': 'Food distribution point',
 '7b': 'Water distribution point',
 '7c': 'Non-food aid distribution point',
 '7d': 'Hospital/Clinics Operating',
 '7g': 'Human remains management',
 '7h': 'Rubble removal',
 '8': 'Other',
 '8a': 'IDP concentration',
 '8c': 'Price gouging',
 '8d': 'Search and Rescue',
 '8e': 'Persons News',
 '8f': 'Other'}

In [299]:

english_mapping['2a']

Out[299]:

'Food Shortage'

In [344]:

english_mapping['6c']

Out[344]:

'Earthquake and aftershocks'

카테고리별로 내역을 쉽게 모을 수 있도록 데이터를 확장하는 다양한 방법
식별용(혹은 더미) 칼럼을 각 카테고리에 하나씩 추가하는 것인데, 그러려면 먼저 중복되지 않은 카테고리 코드를 뽑아낸 다음 data와 같은 색인을 가지는 DataFrame 객체에 값을 모두 0으로 채워 넣어 만들어야 한다.

In [346]:

def get_code(seq):
    return [x.split('.')[0] for x in seq if x]

In [347]:

all_codes = get_code(all_cats)

In [348]:

all_codes

Out[348]:

['1',
 '1a',
 '1b',
 '1c',
 '1d',
 '2',
 '2a',
 '2b',
 '2c',
 '2c',
 '2d',
 '2e',
 '2f',
 '3',
 '3a',
 '3b',
 '3c',
 '3d',
 '3e',
 '4',
 '4a',
 '4c',
 '4e',
 '5',
 '5a',
 '5b',
 '5c',
 '5d',
 '5e',
 '6',
 '6a',
 '6b',
 '6c',
 '6c',
 '7',
 '7a',
 '7b',
 '7c',
 '7d',
 '7g',
 '7h',
 '8',
 '8a',
 '8c',
 '8d',
 '8e',
 '8f']

In [349]:

code_index = pd.Index(np.unique(all_codes))

In [350]:

code_index

Out[350]:

Index([u'1', u'1a', u'1b', u'1c', u'1d', u'2', u'2a', u'2b', u'2c', u'2d', u'2e', u'2f', u'3', u'3a', u'3b', u'3c', u'3d', u'3e', u'4', u'4a', u'4c', u'4e', u'5', u'5a', u'5b', u'5c', u'5d', u'5e', u'6', u'6a', u'6b', u'6c', u'7', u'7a', u'7b', u'7c', u'7d', u'7g', u'7h', u'8', u'8a', u'8c', u'8d', u'8e', u'8f'], dtype=object)

In [353]:

len(all_cats), len(all_codes), len(code_index), len(english_mapping)

Out[353]:

(47, 47, 45, 45)

In [354]:

dummy_frame = DataFrame(np.zeros((len(data), len(code_index))),
                        index=data.index, columns=code_index)

In [355]:

data.index

Out[355]:

Int64Index([0, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, 109, 110, 111, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, 129, 130, 131, 132, 133, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139, 140, 141, 142, 143, 144, 145, 146, 147, 148, 149, 150, 151, 152, 153, 154, 155, 156, 157, 158, 159, 160, 161, 162, 163, 164, 165, 166, 167, 168, 169, 170, 171, 172, 173, 174, 175, 176, 177, 178, 179, 180, 181, 182, 183, 184, 185, 186, 187, 188, 189, 190, 191, 192, 193, 194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 199, 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 206, 207, 208, 209, 210, 211, 212, 213, 214, 215, 216, 217, 218, 219, 220, 221, 222, 223, 224, 225, 226, 227, 228, 229, 230, 231, 232, 233, 234, 235, 236, 237, 238, 239, 240, 241, 242, 243, 244, 245, 246, 247, 248, 249, 250, 251, 252, 253, 254, 255, 256, 257, 258, 259, 260, 261, 262, 263, 264, 265, 266, 267, 268, 269, 270, 271, 272, 273, 274, 275, 276, 277, 278, 279, 280, 281, 282, 283, 284, 285, 286, 287, 288, 289, 290, 291, 292, 293, 294, 295, 296, 297, 298, 299, 300, 301, 302, 303, 304, 305, 306, 307, 308, 309, 310, 311, 312, 313, 314, 315, 316, 317, 318, 319, 320, 321, 322, 323, 324, 325, 326, 327, 328, 329, 330, 331, 332, 333, 334, 335, 336, 337, 338, 339, 340, 341, 342, 343, 344, 345, 346, 347, 348, 349, 350, 351, 352, 353, 354, 355, 356, 357, 358, 359, 360, 361, 362, 363, 364, 365, 366, 367, 368, 369, 370, 371, 372, 373, 374, 375, 376, 377, 378, 379, 380, 381, 382, 383, 384, 385, 386, 387, 388, 389, 390, 391, 392, 393, 394, 395, 396, 397, 398, 399, 400, 401, 402, 403, 404, 405, 406, 407, 408, 409, 410, 411, 412, 413, 414, 415, 416, 417, 418, 419, 420, 421, 422, 423, 424, 425, 426, 427, 428, 429, 430, 431, 433, 434, 435, 436, 437, 438, 439, 440, 441, 442, 443, 444, 445, 446, 447, 448, 449, 450, 451, 452, 453, 454, 455, 456, 457, 458, 459, 460, 461, 462, 463, 464, 465, 466, 467, 468, 469, 470, 471, 472, 473, 474, 475, 476, 477, 478, 479, 480, 481, 482, 483, 484, 485, 486, 487, 488, 489, 490, 491, 492, 493, 494, 495, 496, 497, 498, 499, 500, 501, 502, 503, 504, 505, 506, 507, 508, 509, 510, 511, 512, 513, 514, 515, 516, 517, 518, 519, 520, 521, 522, 523, 524, 525, 526, 527, 528, 529, 530, 531, 532, 533, 534, 535, 536, 537, 538, 539, 540, 541, 542, 543, 544, 545, 546, 547, 548, 549, 550, 551, 552, 553, 554, 555, 556, 557, 558, 559, 560, 561, 562, 563, 564, 565, 566, 567, 568, 569, 570, 571, 572, 573, 574, 575, 576, 577, 578, 579, 580, 581, 582, 583, 584, 585, 586, 587, 588, 589, 590, 591, 592, 593, 594, 595, 596, 597, 598, 599, 600, 601, 602, 603, 604, 605, 606, 607, 608, 609, 610, 611, 612, 613, 614, 615, 616, 617, 618, 619, 620, 621, 622, 623, 624, 625, 626, 627, 628, 629, 630, 631, 632, 633, 634, 635, 636, 637, 638, 639, 640, 641, 642, 643, 644, 645, 646, 647, 648, 649, 650, 651, 652, 653, 654, 655, 656, 657, 658, 659, 660, 661, 662, 663, 664, 665, 666, 667, 668, 669, 670, 671, 672, 673, 674, 675, 676, 677, 678, 679, 680, 681, 682, 683, 684, 685, 686, 687, 688, 689, 690, 691, 692, 693, 694, 695, 696, 697, 698, 699, 700, 701, 702, 703, 704, 705, 706, 707, 708, 709, 710, 711, 712, 713, 714, 715, 716, 717, 718, 719, 720, 721, 722, 723, 724, 725, 726, 727, 728, 729, 730, 731, 732, 733, 734, 735, 736, 737, 738, 739, 740, 741, 742, 743, 744, 745, 746, 747, 748, 749, 750, 751, 752, 753, 754, 755, 756, 757, 758, 759, 760, 761, 762, 763, 764, 765, 766, 767, 768, 769, 770, 771, 772, 773, 774, 775, 776, 777, 778, 779, 780, 781, 782, 783, 784, 785, 786, 787, 788, 789, 790, 791, 792, 793, 794, 795, 796, 797, 798, 799, 800, 801, 802, 803, 804, 805, 806, 807, 808, 809, 810, 811, 812, 813, 814, 815, 816, 817, 818, 819, 820, 821, 822, 823, 824, 825, 826, 827, 828, 829, 830, 831, 832, 833, 834, 835, 836, 837, 838, 839, 841, 842, 843, 844, 845, 846, 847, 848, 849, 850, 851, 852, 853, 854, 855, 856, 857, 858, 859, 860, 861, 862, 863, 864, 865, 866, 867, 868, 869, 870, 871, 872, 873, 874, 875, 876, 877, 878, 879, 880, 881, 882, 883, 884, 885, 886, 887, 888, 889, 890, 891, 892, 893, 894, 895, 896, 897, 898, 899, 900, 901, 902, 903, 904, 905, 906, 907, 908, 909, 910, 911, 912, 913, 915, 916, 917, 918, 919, 920, 921, 922, 923, 924, 925, 926, 927, 928, 929, 931, 932, 933, 934, 935, 936, 937, 938, 939, 940, 941, 942, 943, 944, 945, 946, 947, 948, 949, 950, 951, 952, 953, 954, 955, 956, 957, 958, 959, 960, 961, 962, 963, 964, 965, 966, 967, 968, 969, 970, 971, 972, 973, 974, 975, 976, 977, 978, 979, 980, 981, 982, 983, 984, 985, 986, 987, 988, 989, 990, 991, 992, 993, 994, 995, 996, 997, 998, 999, 1000, 1001, 1002, 1003, 1004, 1005, 1006, 1007, 1008, 1009, 1010, 1011, 1012, 1013, 1014, 1015, 1016, 1017, 1018, 1019, 1020, 1021, 1022, 1023, 1024, 1025, 1026, 1027, 1028, 1029, 1030, 1031, 1032, 1033, 1034, 1035, 1036, 1037, 1038, 1039, 1040, 1041, 1042, 1043, 1044, 1045, 1046, 1047, 1048, 1049, 1050, 1051, 1052, 1053, 1054, 1055, 1056, 1057, 1058, 1059, 1060, 1061, 1062, 1063, 1064, 1065, 1066, 1067, 1068, 1069, 1070, 1071, 1072, 1073, 1074, 1075, 1076, 1077, 1078, 1079, 1080, 1081, 1082, 1083, 1084, 1085, 1086, 1087, 1088, 1089, 1090, 1091, 1092, 1093, 1094, 1095, 1096, 1097, 1098, 1099, 1100, 1101, 1102, 1103, 1104, 1105, 1106, 1107, 1108, 1109, 1110, 1111, 1112, 1113, 1114, 1115, 1116, 1117, 1118, 1119, 1120, 1121, 1122, 1123, 1124, 1125, 1126, 1127, 1128, 1129, 1130, 1131, 1132, 1133, 1134, 1135, 1136, 1137, 1138, 1139, 1140, 1141, 1142, 1143, 1144, 1145, 1146, 1147, 1148, 1149, 1150, 1151, 1152, 1153, 1154, 1155, 1156, 1157, 1158, 1159, 1160, 1161, 1162, 1163, 1164, 1165, 1166, 1167, 1168, 1169, 1170, 1171, 1172, 1173, 1174, 1175, 1176, 1177, 1178, 1179, 1180, 1181, 1182, 1183, 1184, 1185, 1186, 1187, 1188, 1189, 1190, 1191, 1192, 1193, 1194, 1195, 1196, 1197, 1199, 1200, 1201, 1202, 1203, 1204, 1205, 1206, 1207, 1208, 1209, 1210, 1211, 1212, 1213, 1214, 1215, 1216, 1217, 1218, 1219, 1220, 1221, 1222, 1223, 1224, 1225, 1226, 1227, 1228, 1229, 1230, 1231, 1232, 1233, 1234, 1235, 1236, 1237, 1238, 1239, 1240, 1241, 1242, 1243, 1244, 1245, 1246, 1247, 1248, 1249, 1250, 1251, 1252, 1253, 1254, 1255, 1256, 1257, 1258, 1259, 1260, 1261, 1262, 1263, 1264, 1265, 1266, 1267, 1268, 1269, 1270, 1271, 1272, 1273, 1274, 1275, 1276, 1277, 1278, 1279, 1280, 1281, 1282, 1283, 1284, 1285, 1286, 1287, 1288, 1289, 1290, 1291, 1292, 1293, 1294, 1295, 1296, 1297, 1298, 1299, 1300, 1301, 1302, 1303, 1304, 1305, 1306, 1307, 1308, 1309, 1310, 1311, 1312, 1313, 1314, 1315, 1316, 1317, 1318, 1319, 1320, 1321, 1322, 1323, 1324, 1325, 1326, 1327, 1328, 1329, 1330, 1331, 1332, 1333, 1334, 1335, 1336, 1337, 1338, 1339, 1340, 1341, 1342, 1343, 1344, 1345, 1346, 1347, 1348, 1349, 1350, 1351, 1352, 1353, 1354, 1355, 1356, 1357, 1358, 1359, 1360, 1361, 1362, 1363, 1364, 1365, 1366, 1367, 1368, 1369, 1370, 1371, 1372, 1373, 1374, 1375, 1376, 1377, 1378, 1379, 1380, 1381, 1382, 1383, 1384, 1385, 1386, 1387, 1388, 1389, 1390, 1391, 1392, 1393, 1394, 1395, 1396, 1397, 1398, 1399, 1400, 1401, 1402, 1403, 1404, 1405, 1406, 1407, 1408, 1409, 1410, 1411, 1412, 1413, 1414, 1415, 1416, 1417, 1418, 1419, 1420, 1421, 1422, 1423, 1424, 1425, 1426, 1427, 1428, 1429, 1430, 1431, 1432, 1433, 1434, 1435, 1436, 1437, 1438, 1439, 1440, 1441, 1442, 1443, 1444, 1445, 1446, 1447, 1448, 1449, 1450, 1451, 1452, 1453, 1454, 1455, 1456, 1457, 1458, 1459, 1460, 1461, 1462, 1463, 1464, 1465, 1466, 1467, 1468, 1469, 1470, 1471, 1472, 1473, 1474, 1475, 1476, 1477, 1478, 1479, 1480, 1481, 1482, 1483, 1484, 1485, 1486, 1487, 1488, 1489, 1490, 1491, 1492, 1493, 1494, 1495, 1496, 1497, 1498, 1499, 1500, 1501, 1502, 1503, 1504, 1505, 1506, 1507, 1508, 1509, 1510, 1511, 1512, 1513, 1514, 1515, 1516, 1517, 1518, 1519, 1520, 1521, 1522, 1523, 1524, 1525, 1526, 1527, 1528, 1529, 1530, 1532, 1533, 1534, 1535, 1536, 1537, 1538, 1539, 1540, 1541, 1542, 1543, 1544, 1545, 1546, 1547, 1548, 1549, 1550, 1551, 1552, 1553, 1554, 1555, 1556, 1557, 1558, 1559, 1560, 1561, 1562, 1563, 1564, 1565, 1566, 1567, 1568, 1569, 1570, 1571, 1572, 1573, 1574, 1575, 1576, 1577, 1578, 1579, 1580, 1581, 1582, 1583, 1584, 1585, 1586, 1587, 1588, 1589, 1590, 1591, 1592, 1593, 1594, 1595, 1596, 1597, 1598, 1599, 1600, 1601, 1602, 1603, 1604, 1605, 1606, 1607, 1608, 1609, 1610, 1611, 1612, 1613, 1614, 1615, 1616, 1617, 1618, 1619, 1620, 1621, 1622, 1623, 1624, 1625, 1626, 1627, 1628, 1629, 1630, 1631, 1632, 1633, 1634, 1635, 1636, 1637, 1638, 1639, 1640, 1641, 1642, 1643, 1644, 1645, 1646, 1647, 1648, 1649, 1650, 1651, 1652, 1653, 1654, 1655, 1656, 1657, 1658, 1659, 1660, 1661, 1662, 1663, 1664, 1665, 1666, 1667, 1668, 1669, 1670, 1671, 1672, 1673, 1674, 1675, 1676, 1677, 1678, 1679, 1680, 1681, 1682, 1683, 1684, 1685, 1686, 1687, 1688, 1689, 1690, 1691, 1692, 1693, 1694, 1695, 1696, 1697, 1698, 1699, 1700, 1701, 1702, 1703, 1704, 1705, 1706, 1707, 1708, 1709, 1710, 1711, 1712, 1713, 1714, 1715, 1716, 1717, 1718, 1719, 1720, 1721, 1722, 1723, 1724, 1725, 1726, 1727, 1728, 1729, 1730, 1731, 1732, 1733, 1734, 1735, 1736, 1737, 1738, 1739, 1740, 1741, 1742, 1743, 1744, 1745, 1746, 1747, 1748, 1749, 1750, 1751, 1752, 1753, 1754, 1755, 1756, 1757, 1758, 1759, 1760, 1761, 1762, 1763, 1764, 1765, 1766, 1767, 1768, 1769, 1770, 1771, 1772, 1773, 1774, 1775, 1776, 1777, 1778, 1779, 1780, 1781, 1782, 1783, 1784, 1785, 1786, 1787, 1788, 1789, 1790, 1791, 1792, 1793, 1794, 1795, 1796, 1797, 1798, 1799, 1800, 1801, 1802, 1803, 1804, 1805, 1806, 1807, 1808, 1809, 1810, 1811, 1812, 1813, 1814, 1815, 1816, 1817, 1818, 1819, 1820, 1821, 1822, 1823, 1824, 1825, 1826, 1827, 1829, 1830, 1831, 1832, 1833, 1834, 1835, 1836, 1837, 1838, 1839, 1840, 1841, 1842, 1843, 1844, 1845, 1846, 1847, 1848, 1849, 1850, 1851, 1852, 1853, 1854, 1855, 1856, 1857, 1858, 1859, 1860, 1861, 1862, 1863, 1864, 1865, 1866, 1867, 1868, 1869, 1870, 1871, 1872, 1873, 1874, 1875, 1876, 1877, 1878, 1879, 1880, 1881, 1882, 1883, 1884, 1885, 1886, 1887, 1888, 1889, 1890, 1891, 1892, 1893, 1894, 1895, 1896, 1897, 1898, 1899, 1900, 1901, 1902, 1903, 1904, 1905, 1906, 1907, 1908, 1909, 1910, 1911, 1912, 1913, 1914, 1915, 1916, 1917, 1918, 1919, 1920, 1921, 1922, 1923, 1924, 1925, 1926, 1927, 1928, 1929, 1930, 1931, 1932, 1933, 1934, 1935, 1936, 1937, 1938, 1939, 1940, 1941, 1942, 1943, 1944, 1945, 1946, 1947, 1948, 1949, 1950, 1951, 1952, 1953, 1954, 1955, 1956, 1957, 1958, 1959, 1960, 1961, 1962, 1963, 1964, 1965, 1966, 1967, 1968, 1969, 1970, 1971, 1972, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, 1977, 1978, 1979, 1980, 1981, 1982, 1983, 1984, 1985, 1986, 1987, 1988, 1989, 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 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2858, 2859, 2860, 2861, 2862, 2863, 2864, 2865, 2866, 2867, 2868, 2869, 2870, 2871, 2872, 2873, 2874, 2875, 2876, 2877, 2878, 2879, 2880, 2881, 2882, 2883, 2884, 2885, 2886, 2887, 2888, 2889, 2890, 2891, 2892, 2893, 2894, 2895, 2896, 2897, 2898, 2899, 2900, 2901, 2902, 2903, 2904, 2905, 2906, 2907, 2908, 2909, 2910, 2911, 2912, 2913, 2914, 2915, 2916, 2917, 2918, 2919, 2920, 2921, 2922, 2923, 2924, 2925, 2926, 2927, 2928, 2929, 2930, 2931, 2932, 2933, 2934, 2935, 2936, 2937, 2938, 2939, 2940, 2941, 2942, 2943, 2944, 2945, 2946, 2947, 2948, 2949, 2950, 2951, 2952, 2953, 2954, 2955, 2956, 2957, 2958, 2959, 2960, 2961, 2962, 2963, 2964, 2965, 2966, 2967, 2968, 2969, 2970, 2971, 2972, 2973, 2974, 2975, 2976, 2977, 2978, 2979, 2980, 2981, 2982, 2983, 2984, 2985, 2986, 2987, 2988, 2989, 2990, 2991, 2992, 2993, 2994, 2995, 2996, 2997, 2998, 2999, 3000, 3001, 3002, 3003, 3004, 3005, 3006, 3007, 3008, 3009, 3010, 3011, 3012, 3013, 3014, 3015, 3016, 3017, 3018, 3019, 3020, 3021, 3022, 3023, 3024, 3025, 3026, 3027, 3028, 3029, 3030, 3031, 3032, 3033, 3034, 3035, 3036, 3037, 3038, 3039, 3040, 3041, 3042, 3043, 3044, 3045, 3046, 3047, 3049, 3050, 3051, 3052, 3053, 3054, 3055, 3056, 3057, 3058, 3059, 3060, 3061, 3062, 3063, 3064, 3065, 3066, 3067, 3068, 3069, 3070, 3071, 3072, 3073, 3074, 3075, 3076, 3077, 3078, 3079, 3080, 3081, 3082, 3083, 3084, 3085, 3086, 3087, 3088, 3089, 3090, 3091, 3092, 3093, 3094, 3095, 3096, 3097, 3098, 3099, 3100, 3101, 3102, 3103, 3104, 3105, 3106, 3107, 3108, 3109, 3110, 3111, 3112, 3113, 3114, 3115, 3116, 3117, 3118, 3119, 3120, 3121, 3122, 3123, 3124, 3125, 3126, 3127, 3128, 3129, 3130, 3131, 3132, 3133, 3134, 3135, 3136, 3137, 3138, 3139, 3140, 3141, 3142, 3143, 3144, 3145, 3146, 3147, 3148, 3149, 3150, 3151, 3152, 3153, 3154, 3155, 3156, 3157, 3158, 3159, 3160, 3161, 3163, 3164, 3165, 3166, 3167, 3168, 3169, 3170, 3171, 3172, 3173, 3174, 3175, 3176, 3177, 3178, 3179, 3180, 3181, 3182, 3183, 3184, 3185, 3186, 3187, 3188, 3189, 3190, 3191, 3192, 3193, 3194, 3195, 3197, 3198, 3199, 3200, 3201, 3202, 3203, 3204, 3205, 3206, 3207, 3208, 3209, 3210, 3211, 3212, 3213, 3214, 3215, 3216, 3217, 3218, 3219, 3220, 3221, 3222, 3223, 3224, 3225, 3226, 3227, 3228, 3229, 3230, 3231, 3232, 3233, 3234, 3236, 3237, 3238, 3239, 3240, 3241, 3242, 3243, 3244, 3245, 3246, 3247, 3248, 3249, 3250, 3251, 3252, 3253, 3254, 3255, 3256, 3257, 3258, 3259, 3260, 3261, 3262, 3263, 3264, 3265, 3266, 3267, 3268, 3269, 3270, 3271, 3272, 3273, 3274, 3275, 3276, 3277, 3278, 3279, 3280, 3281, 3282, 3283, 3284, 3285, 3286, 3287, 3288, 3289, 3290, 3291, 3292, 3293, 3294, 3295, 3296, 3297, 3298, 3299, 3300, 3301, 3302, 3303, 3304, 3305, 3306, 3307, 3308, 3309, 3310, 3311, 3312, 3313, 3314, 3315, 3316, 3317, 3318, 3319, 3320, 3321, 3322, 3323, 3324, 3325, 3326, 3327, 3328, 3329, 3330, 3331, 3332, 3333, 3334, 3335, 3336, 3337, 3338, 3339, 3341, 3342, 3343, 3344, 3345, 3346, 3347, 3348, 3349, 3350, 3351, 3352, 3353, 3354, 3355, 3356, 3357, 3358, 3359, 3360, 3361, 3362, 3363, 3364, 3365, 3366, 3367, 3368, 3369, 3370, 3371, 3372, 3373, 3374, 3375, 3376, 3377, 3378, 3379, 3380, 3381, 3382, 3383, 3384, 3385, 3386, 3387, 3388, 3389, 3390, 3391, 3392, 3393, 3394, 3395, 3396, 3397, 3398, 3399, 3400, 3401, 3402, 3403, 3404, 3405, 3406, 3407, 3408, 3409, 3410, 3411, 3412, 3413, 3414, 3415, 3416, 3417, 3418, 3419, 3420, 3421, 3422, 3423, 3424, 3425, 3426, 3427, 3428, 3429, 3430, 3431, 3432, 3433, 3434, 3435, 3436, 3437, 3438, 3439, 3440, 3441, 3442, 3444, 3445, 3446, 3447, 3448, 3449, 3450, 3451, 3452, 3453, 3454, 3455, 3456, 3457, 3458, 3459, 3460, 3461, 3462, 3463, 3464, 3465, 3466, 3467, 3468, 3469, 3470, 3471, 3472, 3473, 3474, 3475, 3476, 3477, 3478, 3479, 3480, 3481, 3482, 3483, 3484, 3485, 3486, 3487, 3488, 3489, 3490, 3491, 3492, 3493, 3494, 3495, 3496, 3497, 3498, 3499, 3500, 3501, 3502, 3503, 3504, 3505, 3506, 3507, 3508, 3509, 3510, 3511, 3512, 3513, 3514, 3515, 3516, 3517, 3518, 3519, 3520, 3521, 3522, 3523, 3524, 3525, 3526, 3527, 3528, 3529, 3530, 3531, 3532, 3533, 3534, 3535, 3536, 3537, 3538, 3539, 3540, 3541, 3542, 3543, 3544, 3545, 3546, 3547, 3548, 3549, 3550, 3551, 3552, 3553, 3554, 3555, 3556, 3557, 3558, 3559, 3560, 3561, 3562, 3563, 3564, 3565, 3566, 3567, 3568, 3569, 3570, 3571, 3572, 3573, 3574, 3575, 3576, 3577, 3578, 3579, 3580, 3581, 3582, 3583, 3584, 3585, 3586, 3587, 3588, 3589, 3590, 3591, 3592], dtype=int64)

In [357]:

len(data.index)

Out[357]:

In [359]:

dummy_frame

Out[359]:

<class 'pandas.core.frame.DataFrame'>
Int64Index: 3569 entries, 0 to 3592
Data columns (total 45 columns):
1     3569  non-null values
1a    3569  non-null values
1b    3569  non-null values
1c    3569  non-null values
1d    3569  non-null values
2     3569  non-null values
2a    3569  non-null values
2b    3569  non-null values
2c    3569  non-null values
2d    3569  non-null values
2e    3569  non-null values
2f    3569  non-null values
3     3569  non-null values
3a    3569  non-null values
3b    3569  non-null values
3c    3569  non-null values
3d    3569  non-null values
3e    3569  non-null values
4     3569  non-null values
4a    3569  non-null values
4c    3569  non-null values
4e    3569  non-null values
5     3569  non-null values
5a    3569  non-null values
5b    3569  non-null values
5c    3569  non-null values
5d    3569  non-null values
5e    3569  non-null values
6     3569  non-null values
6a    3569  non-null values
6b    3569  non-null values
6c    3569  non-null values
7     3569  non-null values
7a    3569  non-null values
7b    3569  non-null values
7c    3569  non-null values
7d    3569  non-null values
7g    3569  non-null values
7h    3569  non-null values
8     3569  non-null values
8a    3569  non-null values
8c    3569  non-null values
8d    3569  non-null values
8e    3569  non-null values
8f    3569  non-null values
dtypes: float64(45)

In [363]:

dummy_frame.ix[: , :6]

Out[363]:

<class 'pandas.core.frame.DataFrame'>
Int64Index: 3569 entries, 0 to 3592
Data columns (total 6 columns):
1     3569  non-null values
1a    3569  non-null values
1b    3569  non-null values
1c    3569  non-null values
1d    3569  non-null values
2     3569  non-null values
dtypes: float64(6)

여기에 적절한 로우는 1로 설정하고 마지막에 data와 조인

In [364]:

for row, cat in zip(data.index, data.CATEGORY):
    # code 추출
    codes = get_code(to_cat_list(cat))
    # dummy_frame에 행:row, 열:codes 에 1 설정
    dummy_frame.ix[row, codes] = 1
    
data = data.join(dummy_frame.add_prefix('category_'))

In [365]:

zip(data.index, data.CATEGORY)

Out[365]:

[(0, '1. Urgences | Emergency, 3. Public Health, '),
 (4, '1. Urgences | Emergency, '),
 (5, '5e. Communication lines down, '),
 (6,
  '4. Menaces | Security Threats, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, '),
 (7, '4. Menaces | Security Threats, '),
 (8,
  '2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2f. Sans courant | Power Outage, '),
 (9,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (10,
  "1a. Highly vulnerable, 2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (11,
  '4. Menaces | Security Threats, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, '),
 (12,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (13,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (14, '3. Public Health, '),
 (15, '2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, '),
 (16,
  '1. Urgences | Emergency, 7. Secours | Services Available, 8. Autre | Other, 6. Natural Hazards, '),
 (17, '3. Public Health, 3b. Chronic care needs, '),
 (18,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, "),
 (19,
  '1. Urgences | Emergency, 7. Secours | Services Available, 8. Autre | Other, 6. Natural Hazards, '),
 (20,
  "1. Urgences | Emergency, 2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (21,
  '2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 8. Autre | Other, '),
 (22, '2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (23, "2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (24,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (25,
  "1b. Urgence medicale | Medical Emergency, 2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 7d. Services de sante | Hospital/Clinics Operating, "),
 (26,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, "),
 (27, '2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (28,
  '2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2f. Sans courant | Power Outage, '),
 (29, '2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, '),
 (30, '2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, '),
 (31, '6. Natural Hazards, '),
 (32, '2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, '),
 (33, '4. Menaces | Security Threats, '),
 (34,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 3. Public Health, 3d. OBGYN/Women's Health, "),
 (35,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (36,
  '2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2f. Sans courant | Power Outage, '),
 (37,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 8. Autre | Other, "),
 (38,
  '2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 8. Autre | Other, 8f. Other, '),
 (39,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (40,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (41,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (42,
  '1. Urgences | Emergency, 1d. Incendie | Fire, 1b. Urgence medicale | Medical Emergency, '),
 (43, '2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 3. Public Health, '),
 (44,
  '1. Urgences | Emergency, 1d. Incendie | Fire, 1b. Urgence medicale | Medical Emergency, '),
 (45,
  '2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2f. Sans courant | Power Outage, '),
 (46,
  '2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 8. Autre | Other, 8a. IDP concentration, '),
 (47,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, "),
 (48, '2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (49, '2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (50,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (51,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 3a. Infectious human disease, "),
 (52,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 3a. Infectious human disease, "),
 (53, '2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (54,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 8. Autre | Other, 8a. IDP concentration, "),
 (55, "2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (56,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (57,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 8. Autre | Other, 8f. Other, "),
 (58,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 3. Public Health, "),
 (59,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (60,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 3. Public Health, "),
 (61, '2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, '),
 (62, '2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, '),
 (63,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (64, '2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, '),
 (65,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (66, '3. Public Health, '),
 (67,
  '7d. Services de sante | Hospital/Clinics Operating, 3b. Chronic care needs, '),
 (68, '2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (69,
  '2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 8. Autre | Other, 8c. Price gouging, 3. Public Health, '),
 (70, '4. Menaces | Security Threats, 4c. Group violence, '),
 (71,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (72,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (73,
  '1. Urgences | Emergency, 1b. Urgence medicale | Medical Emergency, 1a. Highly vulnerable, 3. Public Health, 3a. Infectious human disease, '),
 (74, '2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 8a. IDP concentration, '),
 (75, '2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (76,
  "5. Infrastructure Damage, 2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 8. Autre | Other, 8a. IDP concentration, 3. Public Health, 3a. Infectious human disease, 3d. OBGYN/Women's Health, 3e. Psychiatric need, "),
 (77,
  "5. Infrastructure Damage, 2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2e. Penurie de carburant | Fuel shortage, 8. Autre | Other, 8a. IDP concentration, 3. Public Health, 3a. Infectious human disease, 3d. OBGYN/Women's Health, 3e. Psychiatric need, "),
 (78,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 8. Autre | Other, 8a. IDP concentration, 3. Public Health, 3d. OBGYN/Women's Health, 3e. Psychiatric need, "),
 (79,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 8. Autre | Other, 8a. IDP concentration, 3. Public Health, 3a. Infectious human disease, 3d. OBGYN/Women's Health, "),
 (80,
  "5. Infrastructure Damage, 5d. Compromised bridge, 2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2f. Sans courant | Power Outage, 8. Autre | Other, 8a. IDP concentration, 3a. Infectious human disease, 3d. OBGYN/Women's Health, "),
 (81,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 8a. IDP concentration, 3a. Infectious human disease, 3d. OBGYN/Women's Health, 3e. Psychiatric need, "),
 (82,
  '1. Urgences | Emergency, 2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 3. Public Health, '),
 (83, '8. Autre | Other, 8f. Other, '),
 (84,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (85,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (86,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (87,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2f. Sans courant | Power Outage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 8a. IDP concentration, "),
 (88,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2f. Sans courant | Power Outage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 8a. IDP concentration, "),
 (89,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2f. Sans courant | Power Outage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 8a. IDP concentration, "),
 (90,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2f. Sans courant | Power Outage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 8a. IDP concentration, "),
 (91,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2f. Sans courant | Power Outage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 8a. IDP concentration, "),
 (92,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2f. Sans courant | Power Outage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 8a. IDP concentration, "),
 (93,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2f. Sans courant | Power Outage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 8a. IDP concentration, "),
 (94,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2f. Sans courant | Power Outage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 8a. IDP concentration, "),
 (95,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2f. Sans courant | Power Outage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 8a. IDP concentration, "),
 (96,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2f. Sans courant | Power Outage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 8a. IDP concentration, "),
 (97,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (98,
  '1. Urgences | Emergency, 2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 7. Secours | Services Available, '),
 (99,
  '1. Urgences | Emergency, 5. Infrastructure Damage, 2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 4. Menaces | Security Threats, 7. Secours | Services Available, 8. Autre | Other, 6. Natural Hazards, 3. Public Health, '),
 (100,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2f. Sans courant | Power Outage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 8a. IDP concentration, "),
 (101, '2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (102,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (103,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (104, '1b. Urgence medicale | Medical Emergency, 3. Public Health, '),
 (105, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (106,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (107,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (108, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (109,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (110, '8. Autre | Other, '),
 (111,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (112,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (113,
  '1b. Urgence medicale | Medical Emergency, 3a. Infectious human disease, '),
 (114,
  '4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, '),
 (115, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 3. Public Health, "),
 (116,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (117, '2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (118,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (119, '2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 8f. Other, '),
 (120,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 3c. Besoins en materiels et medicaments | Medical equipment and supply needs, "),
 (121, "1. Urgences | Emergency, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (122,
  '1. Urgences | Emergency, 2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 3c. Besoins en materiels et medicaments | Medical equipment and supply needs, '),
 (123, '1c. Personnes prises au piege | People trapped, '),
 (124, '2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, '),
 (125, '2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (126,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (127,
  '3c. Besoins en materiels et medicaments | Medical equipment and supply needs, '),
 (128,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (129,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (130,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (131,
  '4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, '),
 (132, '2f. Sans courant | Power Outage, '),
 (133, "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, "),
 (134, '4. Menaces | Security Threats, '),
 (135,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (136,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (137, "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, "),
 (138, '4a. Pillage | Looting, 8. Autre | Other, '),
 (139,
  "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (140,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 3c. Besoins en materiels et medicaments | Medical equipment and supply needs, "),
 (141,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (142, '1b. Urgence medicale | Medical Emergency, '),
 (143, '1c. Personnes prises au piege | People trapped, '),
 (144, '1c. Personnes prises au piege | People trapped, '),
 (145,
  '1b. Urgence medicale | Medical Emergency, 3c. Besoins en materiels et medicaments | Medical equipment and supply needs, '),
 (146,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (147,
  '5a. Structure effondres | Collapsed structure, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (148, '8. Autre | Other, '),
 (149, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (150, '8. Autre | Other, '),
 (151, '2f. Sans courant | Power Outage, '),
 (152,
  "2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, "),
 (153,
  "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (154,
  "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (155,
  "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (156, '7d. Services de sante | Hospital/Clinics Operating, '),
 (157, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (158,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (159, "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, "),
 (160,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (161,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (162,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (163,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (164, '2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (165, '8. Autre | Other, '),
 (166, '2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, '),
 (167, '7. Secours | Services Available, '),
 (168, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (169, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (170,
  "7. Secours | Services Available, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, "),
 (171,
  "7. Secours | Services Available, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (172,
  '1. Urgences | Emergency, 5a. Structure effondres | Collapsed structure, 1b. Urgence medicale | Medical Emergency, '),
 (173,
  '1. Urgences | Emergency, 5a. Structure effondres | Collapsed structure, 7. Secours | Services Available, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (174, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (175, '8. Autre | Other, '),
 (176, '2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (177, '8. Autre | Other, '),
 (178, '2f. Sans courant | Power Outage, '),
 (179,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 7. Secours | Services Available, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, "),
 (180,
  '2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 3c. Besoins en materiels et medicaments | Medical equipment and supply needs, '),
 (181, '2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (182,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (183, '2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (184,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 3c. Besoins en materiels et medicaments | Medical equipment and supply needs, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (185,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (186, '2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, '),
 (187,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (188, '2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, '),
 (189, '2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, '),
 (190,
  '3c. Besoins en materiels et medicaments | Medical equipment and supply needs, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (191, "4. Menaces | Security Threats, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, "),
 (192,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 7d. Services de sante | Hospital/Clinics Operating, "),
 (193,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (194,
  '2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 7. Secours | Services Available, '),
 (195,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 7d. Services de sante | Hospital/Clinics Operating, "),
 (196,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (197,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 3c. Besoins en materiels et medicaments | Medical equipment and supply needs, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 8. Autre | Other, "),
 (198,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (199,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 3c. Besoins en materiels et medicaments | Medical equipment and supply needs, "),
 (200, '2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (201, '2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, '),
 (202, '2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, '),
 (203, '2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (204, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (205,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (206,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (207, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (208,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (209,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (210,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (211,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (212,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (213, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (214,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (215, '8. Autre | Other, '),
 (216,
  "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 3c. Besoins en materiels et medicaments | Medical equipment and supply needs, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 7c. Denrees non alimentaires | Non-food aid distribution point, "),
 (217,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (218, '4. Menaces | Security Threats, '),
 (219,
  "7d. Services de sante | Hospital/Clinics Operating, 7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (220,
  '7d. Services de sante | Hospital/Clinics Operating, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, '),
 (221,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (222, '1. Urgences | Emergency, 2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, '),
 (223,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (224, '2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (225,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 3c. Besoins en materiels et medicaments | Medical equipment and supply needs, "),
 (226, '2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (227,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 7. Secours | Services Available, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 8. Autre | Other, "),
 (228, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (229,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 3c. Besoins en materiels et medicaments | Medical equipment and supply needs, "),
 (230,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (231,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 3c. Besoins en materiels et medicaments | Medical equipment and supply needs, "),
 (232,
  "2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (233, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (234,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 7. Secours | Services Available, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (235, '8. Autre | Other, '),
 (236,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 8. Autre | Other, "),
 (237,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, "),
 (238,
  "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 7c. Denrees non alimentaires | Non-food aid distribution point, "),
 (239,
  '7. Secours | Services Available, 7d. Services de sante | Hospital/Clinics Operating, '),
 (240,
  '8e. Nouvelles de Personnes | Persons News, 6b. Personnes Disparues | Missing Persons, '),
 (241,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (242,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (243,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (244, '7. Secours | Services Available, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (245,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (246,
  '1b. Urgence medicale | Medical Emergency, 3c. Besoins en materiels et medicaments | Medical equipment and supply needs, '),
 (247,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (248, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (249,
  '2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, '),
 (250, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (251, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (252, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (253, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (254, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (255,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (256,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (257, '2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, '),
 (258, '1b. Urgence medicale | Medical Emergency, '),
 (259, '1. Urgences | Emergency, '),
 (260, '2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, '),
 (261,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 3c. Besoins en materiels et medicaments | Medical equipment and supply needs, "),
 (262, "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, "),
 (263,
  "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (264,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 3c. Besoins en materiels et medicaments | Medical equipment and supply needs, "),
 (265,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 3c. Besoins en materiels et medicaments | Medical equipment and supply needs, "),
 (266, '2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, '),
 (267,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 3c. Besoins en materiels et medicaments | Medical equipment and supply needs, 7d. Services de sante | Hospital/Clinics Operating, "),
 (268, '2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, '),
 (269, '2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, '),
 (270, "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, "),
 (271, '2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, '),
 (272, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (273,
  "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (274, "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, "),
 (275,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 3c. Besoins en materiels et medicaments | Medical equipment and supply needs, "),
 (276, '2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, '),
 (277,
  "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (278, '2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, '),
 (279,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 8. Autre | Other, "),
 (280, '2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (281, '2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (282,
  "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 3c. Besoins en materiels et medicaments | Medical equipment and supply needs, "),
 (283, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (284,
  "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 3c. Besoins en materiels et medicaments | Medical equipment and supply needs, "),
 (285, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (286, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (287, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 8. Autre | Other, "),
 (288,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (289, '2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (290,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (291, '2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (292, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (293, '2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (294, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (295, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (296, '4. Menaces | Security Threats, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (297, '8. Autre | Other, '),
 (298,
  "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (299,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (300,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (301,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (302,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (303,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 7c. Denrees non alimentaires | Non-food aid distribution point, "),
 (304, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (305,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (306, '2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (307, '2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, '),
 (308,
  '7. Secours | Services Available, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 7c. Denrees non alimentaires | Non-food aid distribution point, '),
 (309, '2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (310, '7. Secours | Services Available, '),
 (311,
  "2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (312, '2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (313, '2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (314, '8. Autre | Other, '),
 (315, '8. Autre | Other, '),
 (316, '8. Autre | Other, '),
 (317, '2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (318, '8. Autre | Other, '),
 (319,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (320,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (321,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (322, '2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, '),
 (323, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (324,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (325,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (326,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (327,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (328, '2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, '),
 (329, "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (330, '2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (331, '2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (332, '2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (333,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (334, '2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (335, '2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (336,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (337,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (338,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (339,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (340,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (341, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (342, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 8. Autre | Other, "),
 (343,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (344,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (345,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (346,
  "1b. Urgence medicale | Medical Emergency, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (347,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (348, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (349, "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (350,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (351, '2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (352,
  "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (353,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (354,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 7c. Denrees non alimentaires | Non-food aid distribution point, "),
 (355,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (356,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (357,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (358,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (359,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (360,
  "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (361,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (362, '2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (363, '2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (364,
  '4a. Pillage | Looting, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 7c. Denrees non alimentaires | Non-food aid distribution point, '),
 (365, '2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (366,
  "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (367,
  "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (368,
  "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (369,
  "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 3c. Besoins en materiels et medicaments | Medical equipment and supply needs, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (370, '2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (371,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (372, '7. Secours | Services Available, '),
 (373, '2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (374, '2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (375, '7d. Services de sante | Hospital/Clinics Operating, '),
 (376,
  '2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, '),
 (377,
  "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (378, '2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (379, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (380,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (381, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (382,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (383, '2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (384, '2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (385,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (386, "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, "),
 (387, '1b. Urgence medicale | Medical Emergency, '),
 (388,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (389,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 7. Secours | Services Available, "),
 (390,
  "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (391,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 3c. Besoins en materiels et medicaments | Medical equipment and supply needs, "),
 (392, "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (393,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (394,
  "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 3c. Besoins en materiels et medicaments | Medical equipment and supply needs, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (395,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (396,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 3c. Besoins en materiels et medicaments | Medical equipment and supply needs, "),
 (397,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (398, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (399,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (400, '5b. Structures a risque | Unstable Structure, '),
 (401,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (402,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (403,
  "4. Menaces | Security Threats, 2c. Probleme de securite | Security Concern, 2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (404, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (405,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (406,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (407,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (408, '2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (409,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (410,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (411,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (412,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (413,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (414,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 7. Secours | Services Available, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (415,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (416, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (417,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (418,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2f. Sans courant | Power Outage, "),
 (419,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (420,
  '7. Secours | Services Available, 7d. Services de sante | Hospital/Clinics Operating, 8. Autre | Other, '),
 (421,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 7. Secours | Services Available, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (422, '2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (423, '7. Secours | Services Available, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (424, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (425,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (426,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (427,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (428,
  "2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, "),
 (429, '8. Autre | Other, '),
 (430,
  "7d. Services de sante | Hospital/Clinics Operating, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (431,
  "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 8. Autre | Other, "),
 (433,
  '4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, '),
 (434,
  "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (435,
  "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (436, '2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (437,
  "5a. Structure effondres | Collapsed structure, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2f. Sans courant | Power Outage, 3c. Besoins en materiels et medicaments | Medical equipment and supply needs, 7d. Services de sante | Hospital/Clinics Operating, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, "),
 (438, '8. Autre | Other, '),
 (439,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 7c. Denrees non alimentaires | Non-food aid distribution point, "),
 (440,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (441, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (442, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (443, '2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (444,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (445, '2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (446,
  '2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 7c. Denrees non alimentaires | Non-food aid distribution point, '),
 (447, '2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (448, '2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (449, '2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (450, '2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (451, '2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (452, '7. Secours | Services Available, '),
 (453,
  '3c. Besoins en materiels et medicaments | Medical equipment and supply needs, '),
 (454, '7d. Services de sante | Hospital/Clinics Operating, '),
 (455, '5a. Structure effondres | Collapsed structure, '),
 (456, '5a. Structure effondres | Collapsed structure, '),
 (457,
  '3c. Besoins en materiels et medicaments | Medical equipment and supply needs, '),
 (458, '7d. Services de sante | Hospital/Clinics Operating, '),
 (459, "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, "),
 (460, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (461, '2f. Sans courant | Power Outage, '),
 (462,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 3c. Besoins en materiels et medicaments | Medical equipment and supply needs, "),
 (463,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 3c. Besoins en materiels et medicaments | Medical equipment and supply needs, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (464, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (465, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (466, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (467,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 3c. Besoins en materiels et medicaments | Medical equipment and supply needs, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (468,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 3c. Besoins en materiels et medicaments | Medical equipment and supply needs, "),
 (469, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (470,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (471,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (472,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (473,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (474,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (475,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (476,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (477, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 8. Autre | Other, "),
 (478,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 3c. Besoins en materiels et medicaments | Medical equipment and supply needs, "),
 (479, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (480, '4. Menaces | Security Threats, '),
 (481, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (482, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (483,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (484,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (485,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (486, "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, "),
 (487, '1d. Incendie | Fire, '),
 (488, "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, "),
 (489, "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (490,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (491,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (492,
  "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (493, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (494,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 3c. Besoins en materiels et medicaments | Medical equipment and supply needs, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (495,
  "2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (496,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (497,
  "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (498,
  "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 3c. Besoins en materiels et medicaments | Medical equipment and supply needs, "),
 (499,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (500, "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, "),
 (501, '7g. Morgue | Human remains management, '),
 (502, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (503,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (504, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (505,
  "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (506,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (507,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (508,
  "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 3c. Besoins en materiels et medicaments | Medical equipment and supply needs, 7d. Services de sante | Hospital/Clinics Operating, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (509, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (510,
  "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (511, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (512,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (513,
  '3c. Besoins en materiels et medicaments | Medical equipment and supply needs, '),
 (514, '2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (515, '2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (516,
  "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (517,
  "2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, "),
 (518,
  "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (519,
  "2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, "),
 (520, "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, "),
 (521,
  "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, 7c. Denrees non alimentaires | Non-food aid distribution point, "),
 (522, '2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (523,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (524,
  "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 7c. Denrees non alimentaires | Non-food aid distribution point, "),
 (525, '2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (526, "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, "),
 (527, "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, "),
 (528, '4. Menaces | Security Threats, '),
 (529, '2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (530, '2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (531,
  "2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (532,
  "2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 7c. Denrees non alimentaires | Non-food aid distribution point, "),
 (533,
  "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (534,
  "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (535,
  "2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, "),
 (536,
  "7d. Services de sante | Hospital/Clinics Operating, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (537,
  "7d. Services de sante | Hospital/Clinics Operating, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, "),
 (538,
  "2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (539, "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, "),
 (540, '1c. Personnes prises au piege | People trapped, '),
 (541,
  "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (542,
  '3c. Besoins en materiels et medicaments | Medical equipment and supply needs, 7d. Services de sante | Hospital/Clinics Operating, '),
 (543,
  "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (544,
  "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (545,
  "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, 8. Autre | Other, "),
 (546, "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, "),
 (547,
  "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (548,
  "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 3c. Besoins en materiels et medicaments | Medical equipment and supply needs, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 7c. Denrees non alimentaires | Non-food aid distribution point, "),
 (549,
  "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (550,
  "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (551, '2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (552,
  "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (553, '2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (554,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (555, '1b. Urgence medicale | Medical Emergency, '),
 (556,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (557,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (558, '2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, '),
 (559,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (560,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (561,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (562, '2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, '),
 (563, '2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (564,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (565, '2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (566,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (567,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (568,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (569,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (570, '2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (571,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (572,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (573,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (574, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (575, '2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (576, "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, "),
 (577,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (578, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (579,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (580,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (581,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (582,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (583,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (584,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (585, '2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (586,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (587,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (588,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (589, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (590,
  "4a. Pillage | Looting, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (591,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (592,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 7. Secours | Services Available, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (593,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 7. Secours | Services Available, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (594, '7. Secours | Services Available, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (595,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 7. Secours | Services Available, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (596,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (597,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 3c. Besoins en materiels et medicaments | Medical equipment and supply needs, 8. Autre | Other, "),
 (598,
  '2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2f. Sans courant | Power Outage, '),
 (599,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (600, '7. Secours | Services Available, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (601,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 7. Secours | Services Available, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (602,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (603, '8. Autre | Other, '),
 (604,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (605,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 3c. Besoins en materiels et medicaments | Medical equipment and supply needs, "),
 (606,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (607,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (608,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (609,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2f. Sans courant | Power Outage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (610,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 7. Secours | Services Available, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (611,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (612,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 3c. Besoins en materiels et medicaments | Medical equipment and supply needs, "),
 (613,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (614,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 7. Secours | Services Available, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (615,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (616,
  '3c. Besoins en materiels et medicaments | Medical equipment and supply needs, '),
 (617, '2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, '),
 (618, '2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, '),
 (619, '2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, '),
 (620,
  "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (621, '2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, '),
 (622,
  "2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (623,
  "7d. Services de sante | Hospital/Clinics Operating, 7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (624, '2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (625,
  "2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (626, "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, "),
 (627,
  "2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (628, "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, "),
 (629,
  "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (630, "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, "),
 (631,
  "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (632,
  '4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, '),
 (633, '7d. Services de sante | Hospital/Clinics Operating, '),
 (634,
  '4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, '),
 (635,
  "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (636,
  "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (637, '7d. Services de sante | Hospital/Clinics Operating, '),
 (638,
  "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (639,
  "7d. Services de sante | Hospital/Clinics Operating, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, 7b. Distribution d'eau | Water distribution point, "),
 (640, '2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (641,
  "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (642,
  "2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (643,
  "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (644,
  "2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (645,
  "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (646,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (647,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (648,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 3c. Besoins en materiels et medicaments | Medical equipment and supply needs, "),
 (649, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (650,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (651,
  "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 3c. Besoins en materiels et medicaments | Medical equipment and supply needs, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (652,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (653,
  "2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, "),
 (654, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (655,
  "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (656,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (657, '7d. Services de sante | Hospital/Clinics Operating, '),
 (658, "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, "),
 (659,
  "2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (660,
  '5a. Structure effondres | Collapsed structure, 1b. Urgence medicale | Medical Emergency, '),
 (661,
  "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (662, "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, "),
 (663, "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, "),
 (664,
  "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (665, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (666, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (667,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (668,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (669, '1c. Personnes prises au piege | People trapped, '),
 (670, "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, "),
 (671,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (672,
  "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (673,
  "2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (674,
  "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (675,
  "7d. Services de sante | Hospital/Clinics Operating, 7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (676,
  "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (677,
  "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (678,
  "2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, "),
 (679,
  '3c. Besoins en materiels et medicaments | Medical equipment and supply needs, 7d. Services de sante | Hospital/Clinics Operating, '),
 (680, '1c. Personnes prises au piege | People trapped, '),
 (681,
  "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (682,
  "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (683,
  "2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (684,
  "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (685,
  "7d. Services de sante | Hospital/Clinics Operating, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (686, '2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, '),
 (687,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 3c. Besoins en materiels et medicaments | Medical equipment and supply needs, "),
 (688,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 3c. Besoins en materiels et medicaments | Medical equipment and supply needs, "),
 (689, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (690, '2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, '),
 (691,
  "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (692,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (693,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (694, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (695,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (696,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (697,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (698, "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, "),
 (699, "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, "),
 (700,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (701,
  '3c. Besoins en materiels et medicaments | Medical equipment and supply needs, '),
 (702,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (703,
  '5a. Structure effondres | Collapsed structure, 1c. Personnes prises au piege | People trapped, '),
 (704,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (705, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (706, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (707, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (708,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (709,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (710, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (711,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (712,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 3c. Besoins en materiels et medicaments | Medical equipment and supply needs, "),
 (713,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (714,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 3c. Besoins en materiels et medicaments | Medical equipment and supply needs, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (715,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (716,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (717, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (718,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (719,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (720, '2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (721,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (722, '2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (723, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (724, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (725,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 3c. Besoins en materiels et medicaments | Medical equipment and supply needs, "),
 (726,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 3c. Besoins en materiels et medicaments | Medical equipment and supply needs, "),
 (727, '1c. Personnes prises au piege | People trapped, '),
 (728, '1b. Urgence medicale | Medical Emergency, '),
 (729,
  '3c. Besoins en materiels et medicaments | Medical equipment and supply needs, '),
 (730,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (731, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (732,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (733,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (734,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (735,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (736,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (737,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (738,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (739, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (740,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (741,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (742,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (743, '4. Menaces | Security Threats, 5c. Route barree | Road blocked, '),
 (744, '2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (745,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 3c. Besoins en materiels et medicaments | Medical equipment and supply needs, "),
 (746, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (747,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (748,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (749,
  "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (750,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (751,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (752,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (753,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (754, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (755,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (756, '2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (757,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (758,
  "5a. Structure effondres | Collapsed structure, 1c. Personnes prises au piege | People trapped, 5b. Structures a risque | Unstable Structure, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 5c. Route barree | Road blocked, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 8d. Recherche et sauvetage | Search and Rescue, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, 7c. Denrees non alimentaires | Non-food aid distribution point, 7b. Distribution d'eau | Water distribution point, 8e. Nouvelles de Personnes | Persons News, "),
 (759, '2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (760,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (761,
  "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (762, "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, "),
 (763,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (764, "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, "),
 (765,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (766,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (767, "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, "),
 (768,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 3c. Besoins en materiels et medicaments | Medical equipment and supply needs, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (769, '8. Autre | Other, '),
 (770, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (771,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (772,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (773,
  "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (774, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (775,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (776,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (777,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (778,
  '1b. Urgence medicale | Medical Emergency, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (779,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (780,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (781,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (782,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (783,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (784,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 7. Secours | Services Available, "),
 (785,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 3c. Besoins en materiels et medicaments | Medical equipment and supply needs, "),
 (786,
  "2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (787,
  "2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (788,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (789, '7. Secours | Services Available, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (790,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (791,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (792, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (793, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (794,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (795,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (796,
  "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (797,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (798, "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, "),
 (799,
  "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (800,
  "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (801,
  "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (802, '2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (803,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (804,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (805,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (806, "4a. Pillage | Looting, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (807,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (808,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (809,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (810,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (811,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (812,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (813, '2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (814,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (815,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 3c. Besoins en materiels et medicaments | Medical equipment and supply needs, "),
 (816,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (817,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (818,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (819,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 3c. Besoins en materiels et medicaments | Medical equipment and supply needs, "),
 (820,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (821,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (822,
  "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 7c. Denrees non alimentaires | Non-food aid distribution point, "),
 (823,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (824,
  "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (825,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (826,
  "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (827, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (828,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (829, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (830, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (831,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (832, "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, "),
 (833, "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, "),
 (834, "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, "),
 (835, "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, "),
 (836,
  "1. Urgences | Emergency, 1b. Urgence medicale | Medical Emergency, 2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 3c. Besoins en materiels et medicaments | Medical equipment and supply needs, "),
 (837,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (838, '2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (839,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (841, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (842,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (843,
  "7. Secours | Services Available, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (844,
  "7. Secours | Services Available, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (845,
  "7. Secours | Services Available, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (846,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (847, '7. Secours | Services Available, '),
 (848,
  "1b. Urgence medicale | Medical Emergency, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2f. Sans courant | Power Outage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 3c. Besoins en materiels et medicaments | Medical equipment and supply needs, "),
 (849, "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, "),
 (850, '2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (851,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (852, '1. Urgences | Emergency, '),
 (853,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (854, '7. Secours | Services Available, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (855, '7. Secours | Services Available, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (856, '2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, '),
 (857,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (858,
  "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (859, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (860, '2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, '),
 (861,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (862,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (863, '2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (864, '8. Autre | Other, '),
 (865, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (866, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (867,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, "),
 (868, '2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, '),
 (869, '7. Secours | Services Available, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (870,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (871,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (872,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (873, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (874,
  "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 7c. Denrees non alimentaires | Non-food aid distribution point, "),
 (875,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (876,
  '3c. Besoins en materiels et medicaments | Medical equipment and supply needs, '),
 (877,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 7. Secours | Services Available, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (878, '2f. Sans courant | Power Outage, '),
 (879,
  '6c. Seisme et repliques | Earthquake and aftershocks, 4. Menaces | Security Threats, '),
 (880,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2e. Penurie de carburant | Fuel shortage, "),
 (881, '2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (882,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 3c. Besoins en materiels et medicaments | Medical equipment and supply needs, "),
 (883,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (884,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 3c. Besoins en materiels et medicaments | Medical equipment and supply needs, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (885,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (886,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 3c. Besoins en materiels et medicaments | Medical equipment and supply needs, "),
 (887, "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, "),
 (888,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 3c. Besoins en materiels et medicaments | Medical equipment and supply needs, "),
 (889,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (890,
  '3c. Besoins en materiels et medicaments | Medical equipment and supply needs, 7d. Services de sante | Hospital/Clinics Operating, '),
 (891,
  '3c. Besoins en materiels et medicaments | Medical equipment and supply needs, 7d. Services de sante | Hospital/Clinics Operating, '),
 (892,
  "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (893,
  '3c. Besoins en materiels et medicaments | Medical equipment and supply needs, 7d. Services de sante | Hospital/Clinics Operating, '),
 (894, "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, "),
 (895,
  "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (896,
  "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (897,
  "2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (898,
  "2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (899,
  "2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (900,
  "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (901,
  "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (902,
  "1b. Urgence medicale | Medical Emergency, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (903,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (904,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (905,
  "3c. Besoins en materiels et medicaments | Medical equipment and supply needs, 7d. Services de sante | Hospital/Clinics Operating, 7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (906,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (907,
  "4. Menaces | Security Threats, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (908,
  "2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (909,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 7d. Services de sante | Hospital/Clinics Operating, 7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (910,
  "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (911,
  "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (912,
  "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (913,
  "2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (915,
  "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (916,
  "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (917,
  "2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (918,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 7d. Services de sante | Hospital/Clinics Operating, 7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (919,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 7d. Services de sante | Hospital/Clinics Operating, 7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (920,
  "2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (921,
  "7d. Services de sante | Hospital/Clinics Operating, 7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (922,
  "7d. Services de sante | Hospital/Clinics Operating, 7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (923,
  "7d. Services de sante | Hospital/Clinics Operating, 7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (924,
  "7d. Services de sante | Hospital/Clinics Operating, 7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (925,
  "7d. Services de sante | Hospital/Clinics Operating, 7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (926,
  "7d. Services de sante | Hospital/Clinics Operating, 7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (927, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (928,
  "7d. Services de sante | Hospital/Clinics Operating, 7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (929,
  "7d. Services de sante | Hospital/Clinics Operating, 7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (931,
  "7d. Services de sante | Hospital/Clinics Operating, 7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (932, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (933, '2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, '),
 (934,
  "7a. Distribution d'aliments | Food distribution point, 4e. Assainissement eau et hygiene | Water sanitation and hygiene promotion, "),
 (935, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (936,
  '3c. Besoins en materiels et medicaments | Medical equipment and supply needs, '),
 (937,
  '1b. Urgence medicale | Medical Emergency, 3c. Besoins en materiels et medicaments | Medical equipment and supply needs, '),
 (938,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (939,
  '5a. Structure effondres | Collapsed structure, 2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, '),
 (940, '2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, '),
 (941, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (942,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (943,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (944,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (945,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (946,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (947,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 3c. Besoins en materiels et medicaments | Medical equipment and supply needs, "),
 (948,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (949,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (950,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (951,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (952, '2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, '),
 (953,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 3c. Besoins en materiels et medicaments | Medical equipment and supply needs, "),
 (954, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (955,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (956,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (957, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (958,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (959, '7g. Morgue | Human remains management, '),
 (960,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (961, "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, "),
 (962, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (963,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (964, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 8. Autre | Other, "),
 (965,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (966, '1. Urgences | Emergency, 2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, '),
 (967,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (968,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (969,
  "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, 7c. Denrees non alimentaires | Non-food aid distribution point, "),
 (970,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (971,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (972, '2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, '),
 (973,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (974,
  "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 3c. Besoins en materiels et medicaments | Medical equipment and supply needs, "),
 (975, '2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, '),
 (976, '2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, '),
 (977,
  "1b. Urgence medicale | Medical Emergency, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (978, '2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, '),
 (979,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (980,
  "4. Menaces | Security Threats, 2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (981,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (982,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (983, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (984, '2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, '),
 (985, '8. Autre | Other, '),
 (986,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (987,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, "),
 (988,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 8. Autre | Other, "),
 (989,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (990,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (991,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (992,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (993, "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, "),
 (994, '8. Autre | Other, '),
 (995, '2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (996,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (997,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (998, "2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (999, "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, "),
 (1000,
  "1b. Urgence medicale | Medical Emergency, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 3c. Besoins en materiels et medicaments | Medical equipment and supply needs, "),
 (1001,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, 3c. Besoins en materiels et medicaments | Medical equipment and supply needs, "),
 (1002,
  "2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (1003,
  '1b. Urgence medicale | Medical Emergency, 3c. Besoins en materiels et medicaments | Medical equipment and supply needs, '),
 (1004,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2b. Penurie d'eau | Water shortage, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 (1005, '2d. Refuge | Shelter needed, '),
 (1006,
  "2. Urgences logistiques | Vital Lines, 2a. Penurie d'aliments | Food Shortage, "),
 ...]

In [367]:

dummy_frame

Out[367]:

<class 'pandas.core.frame.DataFrame'>
Int64Index: 3569 entries, 0 to 3592
Data columns (total 45 columns):
1     3569  non-null values
1a    3569  non-null values
1b    3569  non-null values
1c    3569  non-null values
1d    3569  non-null values
2     3569  non-null values
2a    3569  non-null values
2b    3569  non-null values
2c    3569  non-null values
2d    3569  non-null values
2e    3569  non-null values
2f    3569  non-null values
3     3569  non-null values
3a    3569  non-null values
3b    3569  non-null values
3c    3569  non-null values
3d    3569  non-null values
3e    3569  non-null values
4     3569  non-null values
4a    3569  non-null values
4c    3569  non-null values
4e    3569  non-null values
5     3569  non-null values
5a    3569  non-null values
5b    3569  non-null values
5c    3569  non-null values
5d    3569  non-null values
5e    3569  non-null values
6     3569  non-null values
6a    3569  non-null values
6b    3569  non-null values
6c    3569  non-null values
7     3569  non-null values
7a    3569  non-null values
7b    3569  non-null values
7c    3569  non-null values
7d    3569  non-null values
7g    3569  non-null values
7h    3569  non-null values
8     3569  non-null values
8a    3569  non-null values
8c    3569  non-null values
8d    3569  non-null values
8e    3569  non-null values
8f    3569  non-null values
dtypes: float64(45)

In [374]:

# 1로 세팅된게 간혹 보인다.
dummy_frame.ix[:, 0]

Out[374]:

0     1
4     1
5     0
6     0
7     0
8     0
9     0
10    0
11    0
12    0
13    0
14    0
15    0
16    1
17    0
...
3578    0
3579    0
3580    0
3581    0
3582    0
3583    0
3584    0
3585    0
3586    1
3587    1
3588    0
3589    0
3590    0
3591    0
3592    0
Name: 1, Length: 3569, dtype: float64

In [366]:

data

Out[366]:

<class 'pandas.core.frame.DataFrame'>
Int64Index: 3569 entries, 0 to 3592
Data columns (total 55 columns):
Serial            3569  non-null values
INCIDENT TITLE    3569  non-null values
INCIDENT DATE     3569  non-null values
LOCATION          3569  non-null values
DESCRIPTION       3569  non-null values
CATEGORY          3569  non-null values
LATITUDE          3569  non-null values
LONGITUDE         3569  non-null values
APPROVED          3569  non-null values
VERIFIED          3569  non-null values
category_1        3569  non-null values
category_1a       3569  non-null values
category_1b       3569  non-null values
category_1c       3569  non-null values
category_1d       3569  non-null values
category_2        3569  non-null values
category_2a       3569  non-null values
category_2b       3569  non-null values
category_2c       3569  non-null values
category_2d       3569  non-null values
category_2e       3569  non-null values
category_2f       3569  non-null values
category_3        3569  non-null values
category_3a       3569  non-null values
category_3b       3569  non-null values
category_3c       3569  non-null values
category_3d       3569  non-null values
category_3e       3569  non-null values
category_4        3569  non-null values
category_4a       3569  non-null values
category_4c       3569  non-null values
category_4e       3569  non-null values
category_5        3569  non-null values
category_5a       3569  non-null values
category_5b       3569  non-null values
category_5c       3569  non-null values
category_5d       3569  non-null values
category_5e       3569  non-null values
category_6        3569  non-null values
category_6a       3569  non-null values
category_6b       3569  non-null values
category_6c       3569  non-null values
category_7        3569  non-null values
category_7a       3569  non-null values
category_7b       3569  non-null values
category_7c       3569  non-null values
category_7d       3569  non-null values
category_7g       3569  non-null values
category_7h       3569  non-null values
category_8        3569  non-null values
category_8a       3569  non-null values
category_8c       3569  non-null values
category_8d       3569  non-null values
category_8e       3569  non-null values
category_8f       3569  non-null values
dtypes: float64(47), int64(1), object(7)

이렇게 해서 최종적으로 data에는 새로운 칼럼이 추가 됨

In [375]:

data.ix[:, 10:15]

Out[375]:

<class 'pandas.core.frame.DataFrame'>
Int64Index: 3569 entries, 0 to 3592
Data columns (total 5 columns):
category_1     3569  non-null values
category_1a    3569  non-null values
category_1b    3569  non-null values
category_1c    3569  non-null values
category_1d    3569  non-null values
dtypes: float64(5)

이제 도표를 만들어보자.
이 데이터는 지리 정보이므로 카테고리별 데이터를 아이티 지도 위에 그릴 것
matplotlib의 확장 툴킷인 basemap 툴킷을 사용해서 파이썬으로 지도 위에 2차원 데이터 도표를 그릴 수 있다.
basemap은 여러가지 지도 투영법을 지원하며 위도 경도 좌표를 2차원 평면 matplotlib의 좌표로 변환
이 데이터를 가지고 간단한 흑백 아이티 지도를 그리는 함수 작성

basemap 툴킷 install¶

basemap download
canopy가 있는 분들 조심: canopy와 충돌이 발생해서 basemap이 설치가 되지 않았네요. 그래서 virtual 환경 잠시 꺼두고 install 했습니다. 아.. 이것 때문에 까먹은 시간이 얼마인지 -_-;
결국 포기. canopy와 뭔가 충돌이 있는것 같음
리눅스 계열이나 윈도우에서 실험을 해봐야 할듯. 일단 skip. 데이터 다 가공해놨는데 이걸 지도에 못 뿌리다니 짜증..
지금 생각해보니 matplotlib가 에러가 난 이유가 내가 설치를 안해서 인것 같은데..?
내가 canopy만 설치했지 matplotlib를 따로 설치한 기억이 없다. 그러니 canopy 가상 환경이 세팅이 되지 않으면 matplotlib가 당연히 동작을 하지 않아 그래프를 보여주지 않았던거네.. 이제야 왜 그래프가 안 그려졌는지 알게 됐다.

8.4 파이썬 시각화 도구 생태계¶

matplotlib은 파이썬에서 그래프를 그리기 위한 도구
통계 그래픽을 만들고 표시하는데 있어서 matplotlib은 다소 결점
R 사용자들은 ggplot2와 trellis 패키지에 익숙한 사용자들은 약간 실망할지도 모르겠다.
matplotlib으로 웹상에서 표시할 훌륭한 그래프를 만들어낼 수 있지만 원래는 출판물을 위한 그래픽을 만들기 위해 설계된 라이브러리인 관계로 웹용 그래픽을 생성하려면 적지 않은 노력 필요
심미적인 부분 외에는 대부분의 요구사항을 충분히 만족

8.4.1 Chaco ¶

정적 그래프와 대화형 시각화 2가지 모두에 잘 어울리는 툴킷
데이터 내부 관계에 따라 복잡한 시각화 잘 표현
그래프 요소와의 인터렉션을 좀 더 잘 지원할 뿐만 아니라 그래프를 그리는 속도도 아주 빨라서 대화형 GUI 애플리케이션을 작성할 때 유용한 선택

8.4.2 mayavi¶

IPython에 통합

8.4.3 기타 패키지¶

PySqt
Veusz
gnuplot-py
biggles

8.4.4 시각화 도구의 미래¶

웹 기술 기반의 시각화, 즉 자바스크립트 기반의 시각화는 피할 수 없는 미래
이미 많은 종류의 정적 혹은 대화ㅏ형 시각화를 플래시나 자바스크립트를 통해 사용
d3.js와 거기서 파생된 다양한 다른 프로젝트 같은 새로운 툴킷이 계속 나옴
하지만 이와는 다르게 웹 기반이 아닌 환경에서의 시각화는 눈에 띄게 더딘 발전
이는 파이썬뿐만 아니라 R 같은 다른 데이터 분석과 통계 컴퓨팅 환경에서도 마찬가지
그러면 개발에 있어서 도전 과제는 pandas와 웹브라우저 같은 데이터 분석 및 준비 도구간의 밀접한 통합을 이뤄내는 것
이런 과제가 파이썬과 파이썬 사용자 간의 협업을 위한 생산적인 지점이 될 것이라 기대

데이터 시각화 라이브러리 목록 ¶

상당한 데이터 시각화 라이브러리들을 데이터프레임 형식으로 나타내어 사용자들이 한 눈에 알아볼 수 있도록 만들었음.
각 라이브러리들 사용자 후기까지 달리면 딱인데 그게 아쉽다.